Production, transport, fate and effects of lipids in the marine environment

这项研究是我们正在进行的研究计划的继续，以调查脂质在海洋生物的重要性和这些富含碳的化合物在寒冷的ocean ecosystems.Objective 1：比较脂质的生产，运输和命运在非常不同的峡湾在同一纬度：邦恩湾，纽芬兰和萨尼奇湾，温哥华岛。在研究这两个季节性高产地区，我们将测试有关多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）的合成和膜流动性与温度的关系，以及PUFA氧化与氧浓度的假设。这些研究是及时给予持续的渔业问题，在新的渔业物种的兴趣，并增加水产养殖在两个coasts.Objective 2：建立饲养实验，重点是生物标志物和营养脂质，包括ω-3和ω-6多不饱和脂肪酸。与我们的第一个目标相一致，我们将调查导致扇贝，棘皮动物和鳕鱼的短食物链。这种独特而雄心勃勃的研究在海洋科学中心是可能的，在那里我们有文化的每一个组成部分，我们有仪器来执行这些分析。这些实验是很重要的生物标志物，以确定食物网的来源，途径和汇和确定的程度的保护和修改的关键必需fatty acids.Objective3：探讨高水平的多不饱和脂肪酸对氧化状态和膜流动性的影响，在动物从我们的领域和实验室研究。我们将观察多不饱和脂肪酸的氧化产物，并测定细胞膜的流动性。在海洋文献中，PUFA的氧化不稳定性及其在维持膜流动性方面的重要性经常被陈述：这将是实际确定这是否属实的少数尝试之一。氧化数据将有助于解释食物网中的损失，以及为什么某些脂质被证明是有毒的。这对于防止水产养殖中脂质的有害影响和有害藻华的研究非常重要。流动性，食物网和氧化工作的组合是至关重要的鳍鱼和双壳类亲鱼和幼体在加拿大水产养殖的营养管理。

This study is a continuation of our ongoing program of research to investigate the importance of lipids in marine organisms and the cycling of these carbon-rich compounds in cold ocean ecosystems.Objective 1: to compare lipid production, transport and fate in very different fjords at the same latitude: Bonne Bay, Newfoundland and Saanich Inlet, Vancouver Island. In studying these two seasonally highly productive areas we will test hypotheses concerning polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) synthesis and membrane fluidity in relation to temperature, and PUFA oxidation in relation to oxygen concentrations. These studies are timely given continuing fishery problems, interest in new fishery species, and increasing aquaculture on both coasts.Objective 2: to set up feeding experiments focussing on biomarker and nutritional lipids including omega-3 and omega-6 PUFAs. In tandem with our first objective, we will investigate short food chains leading to scallops, echinoderms and cod. Such a unique and ambitious study is possible at the Ocean Sciences Centre where we have each of the components in culture and where we have the instrumentation to perform these analyses. These experiments are important for using biomarkers to identify food web sources, pathways and sinks and for determining the extent of conservation and modification of critical essential fatty acids.Objective 3: to investigate the effects of high levels of PUFA on oxidative status and membrane fluidity in animals from our field and lab studies. We will look at oxidation products of PUFA and we will determine fluidity of cell membranes. In the marine literature the oxidative instability of PUFA and their importance in maintaining membrane fluidity have often been stated: this will be among the few attempts at actually determining if this is true. The oxidation data will help explain losses in food webs and why some lipids have been shown to be toxic. This is very important for protecting against deleterious effects of lipids in aquaculture and in the study of harmful algal blooms. The combination of the fluidity, food web and oxidation work is critical to the nutritional management of finfish and bivalve broodstock and larvae in Canadian aquaculture.