Transition metal hydride and main-group element complexes in new ligand environments

过渡金属氢化物是一种具有金属-氢键的化合物，由于它们与整个催化工业氢化物转移过程有关，包括生产商品化学品和精细化学品，以及在实验室应用于制造各种衍生物，因此在化学上是不可或缺的。工业催化剂主要是多相的，活性中间体的性质不明确，而实验室均相催化剂的特点是非常明确的反应中心(通常基于一个、两个或几个金属中心)，由可控制的电子和空间性质的辅助基团支撑。直到最近，绝大多数已建立的氢化物络合物仅基于丰富的膦、羰基和聚烯烃配体环境，而相对较少的人知道由新一代氮基配体支持的氢化物络合物的反应活性。这种新的配体和配体组合现在已经很好地建立了，但几乎完全是在均相烯烃聚合催化的狭义背景下。

Transition metal hydrides, compounds with a metal-hydrogen bond, are indispensable in chemistry due to their relevance to the whole range of catalytic industrial hydride transfer processes, including the production of both commodity chemicals and fine chemicals, and in laboratory applications to make a large range of derivatives. Whereas industrial catalysts are primarily heterogeneous with a poorly defined nature of reactive intermediates, laboratory homogeneous catalysts feature very well-defined reactive sites (usually based on one, two or few metal centres) supported by ancillary groups of controllable electronic and steric properties. Until very recently, the vast majority of established hydride complexes were based solely on the abundant phosphine, carbonyl, and polyolefin ligand environments, while relatively little is known about the reactivity of hydride complexes supported by new generations of nitrogen-based ligands. Such new ligands and ligand combinations are now well established, but almost exclusively in the narrow context of homogeneous olefin polymerization catalysis.