Three-dimensional (3D) full-field imaging system

三维（3D）几何测量是通过将光的结构模式投射到物体上并获取在物体表面形成的变形光模式的二维图像来进行的。然后从这些二维图像重建三维几何形状。我们已经开发了一种全方位测量方法，可以从单个摄像机和投影仪位置捕获整个3D表面几何形状，而不必扫描整个物体。该方法通过为每个图像像素生成3D坐标来实现高分辨率3D成像。我们已经开发了新的技术，以实现只需要两个光模式的投影和捕获，而不是以前使用的三个模式的主要优势。此外，计算比以前的方法更简单。这两个优点都大大减少了完全测量三维表面的加工。所提出的设备将使我们能够利用我们技术的优势，进一步开发用于许多应用的技术，例如测量大型物体的形状，快速测量物体变形时随时间变化的形状，以及在移动时获取人脸和身体变化的3D视频序列，例如用于医疗，监视和娱乐应用。快速3D表面成像的重要应用还包括制造中的零件检测、逆向工程、虚拟环境建模、农业、考古学、法医学和生物识别。

Measurement of three-dimensional (3D) geometry is carried out by projecting structured patterns of light onto an object and acquiring 2D images of the deformed light patterns formed on the object surface. The 3D geometry is then reconstructed from these 2D images. We have developed a full-field measurement method to capture the entire 3D surface geometry in view from a single camera and projector position, rather than having to scan across the object. The method permits high resolution 3D imaging by generating a 3D coordinate for every image pixel. We have developed new techniques to achieve a major advantage in requiring only two light patterns to be projected and captured rather than three patterns used previously. Furthermore, the computations are simpler than earlier approaches. Both advantages greatly reduce processing to fully measure a 3D surface. The proposed equipment will enable us to exploit the advantages of our techniques in further developing the technology for numerous applications, such as measuring the shape of large objects, rapidly measuring the changing shape of objects over time while they are deforming, and acquiring 3D video sequences of changing human faces and bodies while they are moving, such as for medical, surveillance, and entertainment applications. Important applications of rapid 3D surface imaging also include part inspection in manufacturing, reverse engineering, modeling for virtual environments, agriculture, archaeology, forensics, and biometrics.