Material systems for high power electrochemical energy storage

超级电容器是一种独特的电化学能量存储系统，适用于从脉冲通信到手持式工具再到电动和混合动力汽车的高功率应用。超级电容器一方面具有比传统电池或燃料电池更高的功率密度、更快的充电/放电速率和更长的循环寿命，另一方面具有比传统催化电容器更高的能量密度，可以填补两者之间的差距。超级电容器-电池（或燃料电池）混合系统在处理高功率和延长电池或燃料电池的寿命方面非常有效。 因此，超级电容器已成为高功率电子和汽车，特别是电动汽车的关键技术。

The ultracapacitor is a unique electrochemical energy storage system for high power applications from pulse communication to hand-held tools to electrical and hybrid vehicles. Possessing higher power density, a faster charge/discharge rate, and longer cycle life than conventional batteries or fuel cells, on one hand, and higher energy density than conventional catalytic capacitors on the other, ultracapacitors can fill the gap between these. Ultracapacitor-battery (or fuel cell) hybrid systems are very effective in handling high power and extending the life of batteries or fuel cells. Thus, ultracapacitors have become a critical enabling technology for high power electronics and automotives, especially for electrical vehicles.