Quantum electronic devices and circuits based on InGaAs/InP ridge structures achieved via CBE nano-template technology

25年前，r·费曼（R. Feynman）发表了关于量子计算机的鼓舞人心的论文。当时，这只是一个有趣的想法——远没有任何实验性的实施。从那时起，人类取得了显著的进步，例如今天的计算机技术就体现了这一点。由于微电子电路的不断小型化，元件的尺寸已经达到亚微米级，按照未来10年微电子片上元件的大趋势将达到几十纳米级。在这个尺度下，物理描述从经典物理定律转变为量子物理定律。据设想，未来的电子电路将由量子点与量子线连接而成。由于范式的这些革命性变化，它不仅改变了操作原理，而且提供了新的实践机会。其中最具挑战性的是量子计算机，理论上预测量子计算机在解决某些问题（如安全加密、大数分解、数据库搜索等）方面优于经典计算机。

It was 25 years ago when R. Feynman published his inspiring paper about quantum computers. At that time it was just an intriguing idea - far from any experimental implementation. Since then a remarkable progress has been made, which can be seen for example in today's computer technology. Thanks to continuous miniaturization of microelectronic circuits, sizes of elements have already reached sub-micrometer scale and according to general tendency in next 10 years the microelectronics on-chip components will reach tens of nanometers scale. At this size the physical description changes from classical to quantum physics laws. It is envisioned that future electronic circuits will consist of quantum dots connected with quantum wires. Due to these revolutionary changes of the paradigm not only does it change the principles of operation but also offers new practical opportunities. The most challenging of them is quantum computer, which is theoretically predicted to be superior to classical one for solving certain problems such as secure encryption, factoring of large numbers, data base search, and others.