Nonlinear models and GIS technology for mineralization processes simulation and mineral potential mapping

矿产资源对大多数国家的可持续发展至关重要。另一方面，在许多欠发达地区，资源的利用往往造成严重的问题，威胁人类健康和生态环境系统。 对成矿过程的非线性进行量化，建立矿产资源空间分布模型，对于矿产勘查和资源优化利用都是至关重要的。根据非线性和复杂科学技术的新发展，地壳成矿作用可以看作是具有奇异性质的非线性过程，它可能导致异常的物质积累和元素富集，一般局限于空间的狭窄区间。当矿石作为资源开采时，矿石中的有毒元素可能扩散到矿山周围的表面介质中，造成环境问题。类似于其他类型的危险地质过程，如地震，山体滑坡，飓风，洪水和森林火灾，这些非线性过程的最终产物有一个共同点，即它们可以用新的非线性理论和分形或多重分形模型来建模。新的对地观测技术和高分辨率信息极大地促进了非线性理论和高科技地球信息技术的发展，以模拟这些奇异过程的复杂性，并进行矿产资源和环境的综合评价。本申请中提出的研究致力于研究新的非线性理论、模型和GIS技术，用于矿产资源制图和潜在环境影响评价。它包括三个主要目标：（1）研究表征成矿过程奇异性、广义自相似性和自组织临界性的非线性新理论和新方法;（2）研究非线性地质信息提取和集成方法;（3）发展先进的地理信息系统技术，以提高矿产勘探的准确性，降低勘探成本和环境评价。

Mineral resources are essential for sustainable development of most nations. On the other hand, utilization of resources often causes serious problem threatening human health, ecological and environmental systems in many underdeveloped regions. It is essential both for mineral exploration and for resource optimum utilization to quantify non-linearity of mineralization processes and to model the spatial distribution of mineral resources . According to the new development of non-linear and complex science and technology, mineralization in the Earth's crust can be considered as nonlinear processes with singular properties that may result in anomalous mass accumulation and element concentration that, generally, are confined to narrow intervals in space. When the ore is mined as resources, the toxic elements in the ore may spread into the surface media around the mine causing environmental problems. Similar to other types of hazardous geo-processes for example earthquakes, landslides, hurricanes, flooding, and forest fire, the end products of these non-linear processes have in common that they can be modelled by the new non-linear theories and models of fractals or multifractals. New earth observation technologies and high resolution information have greatly promoted the development of non-linear theory and high-tech geo-informatics technology for modelling the complexity of these singular processes and for mineral resources and environmental comprehensive assessments. The research proposed in this application is devoted to study new non-linear theory, models and GIS techniques for mapping mineral resources and evaluating potential environmental impact. It involves three main objectives: (1) study of new non-linear theory and new methodology for characterizing singularity, generalized self-similarity and self-organized criticality of mineralization processes; (2) study of non-linear methods for geo-information extraction and geo-information integration; and (3) development of advanced GIS technologies for increasing the accuracy of mineral exploration and reduce the costs of exploration and for environmental assessment.