Characterization of appetite-regulating peptides in fish

在脊椎动物中，复杂的荷尔蒙网络调节摄食、能量平衡和生长。下丘脑因子如神经肽Y(NPY)、食欲素、可卡因和苯丙胺调节转录本(CART)最终通过刺激或降低食欲来控制这些功能。其他激素，特别是胃肠激素，如胰淀素和缩胆囊素，在循环中释放，到达大脑，在那里它们可以调节这些中枢因子的活动。环境因素(如温度)也可能影响与摄食和食欲有关的因素。此外，考虑到能量储备和生殖之间的联系，这些中央喂养调节因子也可能受到生殖事件的影响，是生殖的重要调节因子。

In vertebrates, complex hormonal networks regulate feeding, energy homeostasis and growth. Hypothalamic factors such as neuropeptide Y (NPY), orexins and cocaine and amphetamine regulated transcript (CART) ultimately control these functions by either stimulating or decreasing appetite. Other hormones, in particular gastrointestinal hormones such as amylin and cholecystokinin are released in the circulation and reach the brain where they can modulate the actions of these central factors. Environmental factors (e.g. temperature) might also affect feeding and appetite-related factors. In addition, given the link between energy reserves and reproduction, these central feeding regulators might also be influenced by reproductive events and be important regulators of reproduction.