Air-sea carbon cycling in mixed ice-ocean environments

由于海洋是地球上最大的碳汇，抵消了目前约30%的人为排放，因此了解海洋碳循环的重要特征以及在一般环流模型中正确地表示这些特征尤为重要。我们对该系统的二氧化碳源/汇动态的理解中的一个关键差距与海冰所起的作用有关。这两个模型和极地海洋二氧化碳通量研究采用的传统假设是海冰以不渗透层的形式存在，阻止了海-气交换。过去十年的研究表明，海冰是海洋碳循环的积极参与者，在海洋和大气之间交换二氧化碳，因此认为海冰是极地海洋碳循环的被动参与者的假设是不正确的。尽管我们对海冰碳酸盐系统的了解取得了进展，但我们仍然不清楚海冰如何影响大气-海洋二氧化碳交换，进而影响到海冰对区域碳收支的净影响。

Because the world's oceans are the largest of the planet's carbon sinks, offsetting around 30% of present anthropogenic emissions, it is especially important that we understand important features of the marine carbon cycle and that these features are soundly represented in general circulation models. A critical gap in our understanding of the system's CO2 source/sink dynamics relates to the role played by sea ice. The traditional assumption adopted for both models and polar marine CO2 flux studies is for sea ice to exist as an impermeable layer, preventing air-sea exchange. Research in the last decade has shown sea ice to be an active participant in the marine carbon cycle, exchanging CO2 between both the ocean and atmosphere, and hence the assumption that sea ice is a passive participant in the polar marine carbon cycle is incorrect. Despite advancements in our understanding of the sea ice carbonate system, we still do not know exactly how sea ice influences air-sea CO2 exchange, and by extension, the net effect of sea ice on a region's carbon budget.