Comprehensive urban spill management planning framework

最近在墨西哥湾发生的石油泄漏事件引起了公众对石油泄漏的关注。 虽然对海洋溢漏进行了大量的研究工作，但几乎没有对城市土地溢漏影响我们周围的空气，土壤和水的任何研究。 自1998年以来，申请人开发了安大略南部城市泄漏数据库，并进行了一系列应用研究，以解决泄漏预防、控制和响应问题。 随着最近对安大略的五大湖水质和水源保护的关注，申请人提出开发一个综合的城市泄漏管理框架，该框架预测泄漏的发生及其对接收地表沃茨的影响，并制定用于地表水质保护的泄漏管理替代方案。 研究方法包括：（a）汇编安大略南部最新的城市溢漏数据库;（B）开发随机溢漏模型，以预测溢漏的发生和规模;（c）制定水质模型，以预测河流和湖泊中溢漏的后果;（d）开发接收地面沃茨溢漏的风险分析模型;及（5）发展一个以互联网为基础的地理资讯系统架构，以协助制订溢油管理计划，从而保护地面水质。 根据现行的《安大略水源保护法》，每个市政府必须制定一项水源保护计划，以解决各种污染源。 五大湖的许多关注领域已确定泄漏是一个主要的污染源，必须进行风险分析。 城市溢油管理框架将使这些城市能够对其源沃茨的溢油污染进行风险分析，并根据接收沃茨的水质违规风险制定溢油管理计划。

The recent oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico has drawn up public concern over spills. While numerous research works have been performed on ocean spills, there is hardly any research of urban land spills which affect the air, soil, and water of our neighbourhood. The applicant has developed an urban spill database of southern Ontario since 1998 and conducted a series of applied research to address spill prevention, control, and response. With the recent concern over the Great Lakes water quality and source water protection in Ontario, the applicant proposes to develop a comprehensive urban spill management framework which predicts the occurrence of spills and their impacts on receiving surface waters and formulates spill management alternatives for surface water quality protection. The research methodology comprises (a) compilation of an up-to-date urban spill database in southern Ontario; (b) development of stochastic spill models to predict the occurrence and mass of spills; (c) formulation of water quality models to predict the fate of spills in rivers and lakes; (d) development of risk analysis models for spills in receiving surface waters; and (5) development of a web-based Geograhic Information System framework to assist the development of spill management plans for surface water quality protection. Under the current Ontario Source Water Protection Act, each municipality must develop a source water protection plan which addresses various pollution sources. Spills have been identified by many Areas of Concern in the Great Lakes to be a major pollution source and risk analysis must be performed. The urban spill management framework will enable these municipalities to conduct risk analyses of spill pollution to their source waters and develop spill management plans based on risks of water quality violation at receiving waters.