Understanding Adaptive Interfaces

信息过载是当今信息系统面临的一个严峻挑战。2010年，信息过载估计使美国经济损失了高达1万亿美元的工作和生产力。 信息超载可能是微妙和阴险的，每天多花五分钟搜索电子邮件或互联网，可以大大增加。 我建议现在是时候考虑一种新的信息界面，在正确的时间向用户提供正确的信息，使工作更有效率。 这种类型的界面被称为自适应界面，需要理解用户和任务，以便在需要时显示所需的信息，精确匹配用户的需求和状态。 自适应界面以前已经建立，但它是具有挑战性的，找到一个系统的工作为中心的方法来设计自适应界面。 该研究计划将探索使用认知工作分析，这是一种丰富的多方面人为因素工程方法，用于自适应界面的设计。 认知工作分析将提供一个基本的基础，可以帮助定义上下文触发器，了解用户的工作状态，并确定可以在自适应上下文中实现的不同工作策略。 这项工作将提供一个创新的扩展认知工作分析以及自适应显示器的设计系统的方法，填补了文献中所需的空白。 生态界面设计将用于了解如何在自适应界面中视觉上帮助用户。 这项研究将明显改善系统的设计，为用户在高度信息化的工作环境，如金融和军事。 它还将改善智能手机等小屏幕技术的使用，并可以帮助新手用户和认知障碍用户等有困难的用户。 这项研究计划将培养6名研究生掌握最新的传感器技术和接口设计概念，为他们在工业和学术界的职业生涯做好准备。

Information overload is a critical challenge in today's information systems. In 2010, information overload was estimated to cost the U.S. economy as much as $1 trillion in lost work and productivity. Information overload can be subtle and insidious, an extra five minutes per day searching through email, or on the internet, can add up dramatically. I am proposing that it is time to consider a new kind of information interface, where the right information is presented to the user at the right time, making work more efficient. This type of interface is called an adaptive interface and requires understanding the user and task to display the information that is needed, when it is needed, precisely matching the needs and state of the user. Adaptive interfaces have been built before but it is challenging to find a systematic work centered approach to designing adaptive interfaces. This program of research will explore the use of Cognitive Work Analysis, a rich multi-faceted human factors engineering approach for the design of adaptive interfaces. Cognitive Work Analysis will provide a fundamental base that can help to define the contextual triggers, understand the user work state, and identify different work strategies that can be implemented in an adaptive context. This work will provide an innovative extension of Cognitive Work Analysis as well as a systematic approach for the design of adaptive displays, filling a needed gap in the literature. Ecological Interface Design will be used to understand how to visually help the user in an adaptive interface. This research would clearly improve the design of systems for users in high information work environments such as finance and the military. It will also improve the use of technology with small screens, such as smartphones, and could aid users with difficulties such as novice users and users with cognitive impairments. This program of research will train 6 graduate students in the latest sensor technologies and interface design concepts, preparing them well for careers in industry and academia.