Understanding Basic Reading Processes: A Behavioural and Neuroanatomical Approach

为了理解阅读过程中的潜在过程，人们已经做了很多工作。然而，关于哪种模式最能反映基本架构(即单/双机制和并行/级联机制)，仍存在相当大的争论。虽然人们普遍认为某些因素会影响阅读成绩(例如，拼音与发音的规律性、印刷单词的频率)，但关于这些因素如何影响单词识别成绩仍有很多讨论。这项建议的总体目标是将我们对基本阅读过程如何在行为、功能和结构领域展开的知识联系起来，这将有助于发展一个全面和综合的阅读模式。为了做到这一点，我让成年参与者同时参与行为和大脑成像任务，以获得关于词汇和亚词汇加工的贡献的亟需信息。这项提案中概述的实验将通过使用行为和大脑成像方法调查多种阅读范式(例如，基本命名、词汇决定、进行/不进行命名)中的阅读因素(例如，规律性、频率)，从而为“如何”这个问题提供答案。我将测量反应时、准确度、大脑的参与程度和白质束的完整性等方面的表现，以确定词汇和亚词汇系统在不同任务要求下的作用。我在行为和神经生物学单词识别模型和方法方面的专业知识，以及整合大脑行为方法的方法，将使我能够利用研究获得的信息来建立一个综合阅读模型。

Much work has been done to understand the underlying processes at work during reading. Yet, considerable debate still exists regarding which model best reflects the fundamental architecture (i.e., single/dual and parallel/cascaded mechanisms). Although it is widely recognized that certain factors influence reading performance (e.g., spelling-to-sound regularity, printed word frequency), there is much discussion as to how these factors influence word recognition performance. The overall objective of this proposal is to connect our knowledge of how basic reading processes unfold in behavioural, functional and structural domains, which will serve to develop a comprehensive and integrated model of reading. To do this, I am having adult participants take part in both behavioural and brain imaging tasks to gain much needed information on the contribution of lexical and sub-lexical processing. The experiments outlined in this proposal will provide answers to the 'how' question by investigating reading factors (e.g., regularity, frequency) in multiple reading paradigms (e.g., basic naming, lexical decision, go/no-go naming) using behavioural and brain imaging approaches. I will measure performance on reaction time, accuracy, the involvement of the brain and the integrity of the white matter tracts, to determine the role of lexical and sub-lexical systems under varying task demands. My expertise with behavioural and neurobiological word recognition models and approaches for integrating brain-behaviour methods will allow me to use the information from the research to build an integrated model of reading.