Development of safety performance functions for high speed roadways in Saskatchewan

萨斯喀彻温省最近五年（2006- 2010年）的碰撞数据显示，每100 000人的碰撞增加了14%。仅在2010年，就有167人死亡，6，518人受伤和23，910起财产损失（PDO）碰撞报告给萨斯喀彻温省道路安全局萨斯喀彻温省政府保险公司（SGI）。萨斯喀彻温省是每10万人口死亡人数最多的省份，也是加拿大每十亿车辆公里死亡人数最多的省份。特别是为了减少高速公路（高速公路和高速公路的基本路段、合流/分流路段以及立交处/附近的坡道）上的严重碰撞次数，正在应用美国公路安全手册（HSM）中概述的安全网络筛选过程。该过程涉及创建安全性能函数（SPF），该函数可用于预测高速公路各种配置下的未来碰撞次数。SGI希望利用这些SPF，主动地、科学地确定高速公路的位置，在这些位置可以引入安全改进措施，以减少可预防的碰撞数量。请注意，目前的高速公路没有基础的SPF，可以很容易地应用于高速公路。此外，几乎不能保证为未来的高速公路准备的高速公路SPF将准确地模拟萨斯喀彻温省的安全水平。这是因为高速公路的基础SPF是使用来自美国司法管辖区的碰撞和交通量数据开发的，这些司法管辖区的道路环境、天气条件和驾驶员行为与萨斯喀彻温省的有很大不同。建议研究的目标包括，但不限于：i）开发一系列的SPF高速公路的每一个道路配置和碰撞的严重程度; ii）比较性能的SPF开发使用萨斯喀彻温省的碰撞和交通量数据的性能即将高速公路的基础SPF;以及iii）开发一套基于地理信息系统的碰撞地图，该地图可以直观地显示被确定为具有安全改进潜力的高速道路位置。

The five most recent years' collision data from Saskatchewan (2006-10) show that collisions per 100,000 population have increased by 14%. In 2010 alone, 167 fatalities, 6,518 injuries and 23,910 property damage only (PDO) collisions were reported to Saskatchewan Government Insurance (SGI), the road safety authority in Saskatchewan. Saskatchewan has the highest number of fatalities per 100,000 population and is the leading province in terms of the fatalities per billion vehicle kilometres in Canada. To reduce the number of severe collisions on high speed roadways (basic sections of expressways and freeways, merge/diverge sections, and ramp roadways at/nearby interchanges) in particular, the safety network screening process outlined in the US Highway Safety Manual (HSM) is being applied. The process involves the creation of Safety Performance Functions (SPFs) which can be used to predict the number of future collisions at various configurations of high speed roadways. SGI would like to use the SPFs to proactively and scientifically identify high speed roadway locations where safety improvements can be introduced to reduce the number of preventable collisions. Note that the current HSM has no base SPFs that can be readily applied for high speed roadways. Furthermore, there is little guarantee that high speed roadway SPFs being prepared for a future HSM will accurately model the level of safety in Saskatchewan. This is because the HSM's base SPFs are being developed using collision and traffic volume data from American jurisdictions where the roadway environment, weather conditions, and driver behavior are very different than those of Saskatchewan. The objectives of the proposed research include, but are not limited to: i) Develop a series of SPFs for high speed roadways by each roadway configuration and collision severity; ii) Compare the performance of the SPFs developed using Saskatchewan collision and traffic volume data to the performance of the forthcoming HSM's base SPFs; and iii) Develop a set of GIS based collision maps that can visually display the high speed roadway locations identified as having the potential for safety improvements.