Advanced nanocomposite materials and fabrication methods for efficient energy storage devices

先进的储能设备目前在混合动力和电动汽车、公交车和电子产品中的应用引起了人们的极大兴趣。本研究的目的是开发和测试高效的纳米复合材料，用于电化学超级电容器和电池的电极电荷存储。研究将集中在纳米复合材料的开发上，包含先进的电极材料，如导电聚合物、氧化物纳米颗粒、碳纳米管和石墨烯。我们的方法与这一领域的其他调查有独特的不同。我们方法的独创性在于纳米材料加工中的新的胶体和电化学方法。我们提出了一种基于新型阴离子掺杂剂的新方法，它与衬底表面的原子形成电荷转移络合物，降低了电聚合电位，防止了电聚合过程中衬底的溶解，并允许在高比表面积商业集电器上制备附着膜。在可行性研究中，我们展示了在高活性材料负载和高充放电倍率下创纪录的高容量和出色的循环稳定性。我们方法的独特性和独创性还与使用在可行性研究中发现的使用通用分散剂有效分散无机纳米颗粒、碳纳米管和石墨烯的新方法有关。这项工作将充分利用新发现的潜力，包括复合材料电合成的基础研究，先进分散剂和掺杂剂的开发，以及它们的结构对纳米复合电极电合成和电化学性能的影响的研究。这项研究提供了创造新的基础知识的机会，并满足了在电化学设备和纳米技术领域培训HQP的需要。这项研究将有助于开发具有高容量、高循环稳定性和高功率-能量特性的高效储能装置。拟议的研究计划将影响汽车、能源和电子行业。

Advanced energy storage devices are currently of significant interest for applications in hybrid and electric vehicles, buses and electronic products. The objective of this research is the development and testing of efficient nanocomposite materials for charge storage in electrodes of electrochemical supercapacitors and batteries. The research will be focused on the development of nanocomposites, containing advanced electrode materials, such as conductive polymers, oxide nanoparticles, carbon nanotubes and graphene. Our approach is uniquely different from other investigations in this area. The originality of our approach is in new colloidal and electrochemical methods in nanomaterials processing. We propose a new approach, which is based on the use of new anionic dopants, which create charge-transfer complexes with surface atoms of the substrates, reduce electropolymerization potential, prevent dissolution of the substrates during electropolymerization and allow the fabrication of adherent films on high surface area commercial current collectors. In the feasibility studies we demonstrated record-high capacitance and excellent cycling stability at high active material loading and high charge-discharge rates. The unique features and originality of our approach are also related to the use of new methods for the efficient dispersion of inorganic nanoparticles, carbon nanotubes and graphene using universal dispersants, discovered in the feasibility studies. The full potential of new discoveries will be utilized in the proposed work, which involves the fundamental research on electrosynthesis of composites, development of advanced dispersants and dopants, investigation of influence of their structure on electrosynthesis and electrochemical performance of nanocomposite electrodes. This research offers an opportunity to create new fundamental knowledge and meets the need in training HQP in the field of electrochemical devices and nanotechnology. This research will result in the development of efficient energy storage devices with high capacitance and cycling stability and high power-energy characteristics. The proposed research program will impact automotive, energy and electronic sectors.