Carbon dioxide capture through the use of calcium-polyphosphate to deprotonate bicarbonate, and form calcium carbonate minerals

随着大气层中二氧化碳浓度的上升及其对地球的迅速影响，如海洋酸化，以节能方式捕获和安全储存二氧化碳的重要性日益增加。虽然没有立即明显的单一技术可以捕获和安全地储存当前大规模人为二氧化碳生产的净负碳足迹，但许多较小的，不同的，用于捕获和储存二氧化碳的利基化学过程可能共同对我们的排放产生重大影响。 碳捕获和储存技术之一是从二氧化碳排放中形成碳酸盐矿物。该策略从二价阳离子和碳酸根离子的溶液中沉淀碳酸盐矿物，并且需要将碳酸氢根离子去质子化的反应物。本工作提出了一种通过矿化捕获二氧化碳的新技术：从聚磷酸钙和碳酸氢根离子中沉淀碳酸钙。与此同时，该提案还包括开发实验室规模的除磷技术（通过微生物聚磷酸盐形成增强生物除磷），以模拟处理过的城市污水。除磷微生物产生的聚磷酸钙将作为二氧化碳捕获用聚磷酸钙的生物来源进行测试。这些二氧化碳和磷酸盐捕获过程将在实验室规模上进行开发和整合，代表一个潜在的工业生态模型，用于在排放二氧化碳的城市污水处理厂同时捕获磷和二氧化碳。

The energy-efficient capture and secure storage of carbon dioxide is of increasing importance, with the rising concentrations of carbon dioxide in our atmosphere, and its rapid effects on our planet, such as ocean acidification. While no immediately obvious, single technology will capture and securely store the current, large-scale anthropogenic production of carbon dioxide with a net-negative carbon footprint, it is possible that many, smaller, varied, niche chemical processes for capturing and storing carbon dioxide may collectively make a significant impact on our emissions. One of the carbon-capture and storage technologies is the formation of carbonate minerals from carbon dioxide emissions. This strategy precipitates carbonate minerals from solutions of divalent cations and carbonate ions, and requires a reactant that will deprotonate the bicarbonate ion. This work proposes to investigate a novel technology for capturing carbon dioxide through mineralization: the precipitation of calcium carbonate from calcium polyphosphate and bicarbonate ions. In parallel, this proposal includes the development of laboratory-scale phosphate removal technology (enhanced biological phosphorous removal through microbial polyphosphate formation) from simulated, treated municipal wastewater. The calcium polyphosphate generated by the phosphorous-removing microbes will be tested as a biological source of calcium polyphosphate for carbon dioxide capture. These carbon-dioxide and phosphate-capture processes will be developed and integrated at the laboratory scale, representing a potential industrial ecology model for simultaneous phosphorus and carbon dioxide capture at a carbon dioxide-emitting municipal wastewater treatment plant.