Integration of genomic resources into an Arctic charr broodstock program

加拿大拥有丰富的原始淡水和海洋资源，有能力成为水产养殖物种的主要国际生产国。传统的海洋开放式网箱水产养殖对社会和环境的关注，使得可以在内陆设施养殖的淡水鱼的生产更加可取。北极炭是一种冷水鲑鱼，是一种特别有吸引力的水产养殖物种，因为它可以在整个生命周期内在资源友好的内陆淡水池塘养殖场繁殖和生长。北极炭最近被蒙特利湾水族馆列入了可持续海鲜的最佳选择名单。Ice Waters Ltd.是一家总部位于育空地区的内陆淡水水产养殖设施，专门生产北极炭蛋，出售给世界各地的养殖场。北极木炭在-1°C到15°C之间的温度下生长旺盛，许多对北极木炭生产感兴趣的淡水罐头养殖场都是在夏季温度高于这个范围的地区建立的。这是冰水公司及其客户在面对气候变化时的担忧。事实上，在过去的十年里，育空地区创纪录的水温已经导致了冰水设施的大量鱼类损失。该项目的主要目标是培育出一种耐高温的北极木炭亲本。与提高耐热性相关的分子遗传标记将被识别，并将被整合到现有的传统育种计划中。这将使生产更耐热的北极木炭系列成为可能，因此能够在超出北极木炭正常范围的温度尖峰下生存下来。耐高温的北极炭也将经历整体更好的健康，在越来越不可预测的夏季气候中承受更少的压力，无论是在育空地区还是在世界各地的淡水水罐养殖场。这将扩大北极碳素文化，并使Ice Waters-一家环境可持续的、总部位于育空地区的加拿大公司-得以发展，从而增加加拿大北部的培训和就业机会，并促进“绿色”加拿大公司的发展。

Canada, with its abundance of pristine freshwater and marine resources, has the capacity to become a major international producer of aquaculture species. Social and environmental concerns with traditional marine, open net pen aquaculture, make the production of freshwater fish species that can be cultured at inland facilities more desirable. Arctic charr, a cold water salmonid, is an especially attractive aquaculture species as it can be bred and grown at resource friendly, inland freshwater tank farms throughout its lifecycle. Arctic charr has recently been added to the Monterey Bay Aquarium's Best Choice list for sustainable seafood. Icy Waters Ltd., an inland freshwater aquaculture facility based in the Yukon, specializes in the production of Arctic charr eggs for sale to grow-out operations around the world. Arctic charr thrive at temperatures between -1°C and 15°C, and many freshwater tank farms that are interested in Arctic charr production are set up in locations that experience temperatures above this range in summer months. This is a concern for Icy Waters and their customers in the face of climate change. Indeed, record water temperatures in the Yukon over the past decade have resulted in significant losses of fish at the Icy Waters facility. The primary goal of this project is to produce a higher temperature tolerant Arctic charr broodstock. Molecular genetic markers associated with increased thermal tolerance will be identified, and will be integrated into the existing traditional breeding program. This will enable the production of a line of Arctic charr which is more thermo-tolerant and thus able to survive spikes in temperature beyond the normal range for Arctic charr. Thermo-tolerant Arctic charr will also experience overall better health and will undergo less stress in increasingly unpredictable summer climates, both in the Yukon and at freshwater tank farms throughout the world. This will expand Arctic charr culture and enable the growth of Icy Waters, an environmentally sustainable, Yukon-based Canadian company, thereby increasing training and employment opportunities in Canada's north and promoting the development of a "Green" Canadian company.