Strategies for enhancement of bioactive flavonol glycosides in plants

黄酮醇（如槲皮素）是众所周知的植物化学物质。它们与人类饮食的结合可以防止与慢性疾病（包括阿尔茨海默氏症）相关的破坏性自由基的积累。大约5%的65岁以上的加拿大人被诊断患有某种形式的痴呆症。黄酮醇提供了一种预防措施，以抵消加拿大每年用于治疗这些疾病的330亿美元。在人类饮食中，黄酮醇不像它们的糖苷那样容易获得，糖苷往往在植物（如洋葱、羽衣甘蓝、西兰花）和水果（如苹果、葡萄、辣椒、番茄）组织中占主导地位。在植物中，黄酮醇以一种或多种糖的缀合物存在，包括单糖苷、二糖苷和双糖苷（如槲皮素3-）

Flavonols (e.g. quercetin) are well known phytochemicals. Their incorporation in the human diet may prevent accumulation of damaging radicals associated with chronic diseases including Alzheimer’s. Approximately 5% of Canadians over the age of 65 are diagnosed with some form of dementia. Flavonols offer a preventative measure to offset the $33 billion spent annually to treat these disorders in Canada. In the human diet, flavonols are not as available as their glycosides, forms which tend to predominate across vegetative (e.g. onion, kale, broccoli) and fruit (e.g. apple, grape, pepper, tomato) tissues. In plants, flavonols exists as conjugates of one or more sugars, including monoglycosides, diglycosides and bisglycosides (e.g. quercetin 3-