Productivity and ergonomic analysis for a panelized construction manufacturing facility

由于减少对环境的影响、施工速度快、减少废物和具有成本竞争力的价格，非现场和工业化建筑方法正得到越来越广泛的应用。板式建筑是一种非现场制造方法，鼓励更可持续和高效的施工过程。本研究的目标是开发生产和安全的工作环境和施工过程，在一个板式建筑制造设施。在离散事件仿真（DES）优化模型的支持下，开发并实现了通过时间研究、生产过程评估和减少过程浪费来持续提高生产线生产率的方法。当在制造工厂追求更高的生产率时，人体工程学的考虑也很重要，因为工人在健康和安全的环境中工作时可以以更高的生产率工作。因此，人体工程学和生物力学分析也包括在这一工作范围内，作为改善重返工作计划和减少潜在的与工作有关的疾病和相应的工人赔偿成本的手段。为了在生产线上进行人体工程学风险识别、风险评估和风险缓解，将进行系统的物理需求分析，从而使行业能够主动预防伤害，而不是被动应对。将建立生物力学人体仿真模型，并进行实验运动学分析，使建筑行业更全面地了解工人面临的高风险任务；将限制工人的最大负荷并为工人推荐适当的运动，将有助于提供修改工作，并将有助于在工人之间错开任务，从而最大限度地减少人体工程学风险并提高生产率。

Offsite and industrialized building methods are becoming more widely used due to the reduced environmental impact, speed of construction, waste reduction, and cost-competitive prices. Panelized construction is an offsite manufacturing method that encourages a more sustainable and efficient construction process. This research targets the development of productive and safe working environments and construction processes in a panelized construction manufacturing facility. It develops and implements a method to continuously improve the productivity of the production line through time study, production process assessment, and reduction of process waste with the support of a discrete-event simulation (DES) optimization model. When pursuing higher productivity in the manufacturing plant, the consideration of ergonomics is also important, since workers can perform with higher productivity when working in a healthy and safe environment. Thus ergonomic and biomechanical analysis is also included in this scope of work as a means to improve return-to-work programs and reduce potential work-related disorders and corresponding workers' compensation costs. A systematic physical demand analysis will be conducted for the purpose of ergonomic risk identification, risk assessment, and risk mitigation in the production line, thereby enabling the industry to be proactive in preventing injury rather than reactive. A biomechanical human body simulation model will be created and experimental kinematic analysis will also be conducted to provide the construction industry with more comprehensive understanding of the tasks that expose workers to high risks; will limit the maximum load of workers and recommend proper motions for workers, will assist in providing modified work, and will help to stagger tasks among workers in a manner which minimizes ergonomic risk and improves productivity.