Software Engineering for Cyber Physical Systems

网络物理系统（CPS）是智能的、分布式的、软件密集型的系统，控制着紧密集成的计算和物理组件。这些系统涉及在许多空间和时间尺度上的高度复杂性，以及通过网络通信控制软件和物理组件。CPS技术正在成为我们如何控制和构建更智能工程系统的关键推动力，例如自动驾驶汽车、智能城市和建筑、可再生能源系统、个性化医疗保健、医疗设备、水管理系统和食品供应链。加拿大必须站在这场工业革命的最前沿。 我的研究项目的目标是了解和增强可以通过紧密集成的网络控制添加到人类和机器的能力。CPS基金会必须应对许多挑战，才能收获其丰富的经济机会。我将研究CPS控制和系统科学（CSS）的科学基础和技术，以分析和设计通过实时网络反馈回路控制的CPS。CSS将提供一个分析、设计、模拟、优化、验证和验证CPS的平台。CPS在运行时修改其行为，以响应系统或其物理环境中的变化。即使在存在调整的情况下，也必须保证CPS要求得到满足。传统上，对系统正确性的信心是通过在设计时执行的分析来获得的。在CPS的情况下，一些保证任务必须在运行时执行。这就需要在CPS的整个生命周期中实现持续CPS保证的方法和技术。运行时模型（MART）是相关系统的因果连接的自我表示，从问题空间的角度强调其结构，行为和目标。CPS要求重新思考软件生命周期，因为开发和执行时间阶段之间的区别不再明显。本文的目的是探索适用于具体应用领域的MART方法，为CPS动态特性的分析、保证和预测提供有效的技术手段。 CPS的社会影响巨大。CPS互连能力的进步几乎影响到每一个工程系统。网络世界和现实世界相结合所产生的技术将为广泛的行业提供创新和孵化引擎，在未来几年创造全新的市场和平台。CPS是先进的技术系统，需要知识和培训才能进行开发和操作。一支熟练的劳动力队伍来支持未来的CPS本身就是一个挑战，对加拿大来说至关重要。我将在CPS这一战略领域培养大量高素质人才。

Cyber physical systems (CPS) are smart, distributed, software-intensive systems that control tightly integrated computational and physical components. These systems involve a high degree of complexity at numerous spatial and temporal scales and control software and physical components with networked communications. CPS technologies are becoming the key enablers for how we control and build smarter engineered systems, such as autonomous vehicles, smart cities and buildings, renewable energy systems, personalized health care, medical devices, water management systems, and food supply chains. It is imperative to position Canada at the forefront in this industrial revolution. The goal of my research program is to understand and enhance the capabilities that can be added to humans and machines with tightly integrated networked control. There are many challenges that must be addressed in CPS foundations to be able to harvest its rich economic opportunities. I will investigate scientific foundations and technologies towards a CPS control and systems science (CSS) to analyse and design CPS that are controlled through real-time, networked feedback loops. CSS will provide a platform to analyse, design, simulate, optimize, validate, and verify CPS. A CPS modifies its behaviour at runtime in response to changes within the system or its physical environment. The fulfilment of CPS requirements must be guaranteed even in the presence of adaptations. Traditionally, confidence in the correctness of a system is gained through analyses performed at design time. In the case of CPS, some assurance tasks must be performed at runtime. This calls for methods and techniques that enable continuous CPS assurance throughout its life cycle. A model at runtime (MART) is a causally connected self-representation of the associated system that emphasizes its structure, behaviour, and goals from a problem space perspective. CPS require rethinking the software life cycle for which the distinction between development and execution time stages is no longer apparent. My objective is to explore MART for different aspects of concrete application domains to deal with CPS dynamics to provide effective techniques for analysing, guaranteeing and predicting CPS properties. The societal impact of CPS is enormous. Advances in the interconnected capabilities of CPS affect virtually every engineered system. The technologies emerging from combining the cyber and physical worlds will provide an innovation and incubation engine for a broad range of industries—creating entirely new markets and platforms for years to come. CPS are advanced technology systems that require knowledge and training for their development and operation. A skilled workforce to support future CPS is a challenge in its own right and critically important for Canada. I will train a large number of highly qualified personnel (HQP) in this strategic realm of CPS.