Battery-Enabled EV Fast -Charging Station

大规模电动汽车采用的突出障碍是“里程焦虑”，即，i）充电时间长，ii）每次充电的距离覆盖范围相对较小，iii）以及缺乏必要的或容易获得的充电基础设施，特别是在农村地区。最常用的电动汽车充电器是1级和2级充电器，它们需要长达8小时才能将电动汽车的电池充满电，并且不适合在长途旅行中使用。充电时间为20-25分钟的3级（快速）充电器是电动汽车充电器发展的下一步，并使长途/农村电动汽车旅行成为可能。这项由eCAMION和多伦多大学提出的产学合作计划旨在研究、开发、测试和安装电动汽车快速充电（3级）站的原型，该原型利用电网级锂离子电池作为多个直流快速充电器的主要电源。在未来三年内，设想的充电站主要用于农村地区的安装，例如，沿着Tans-CanadaHighway和其他主要交通走廊，以解决电动汽车长途和/或农村旅行的“里程焦虑”。与现有的EV快速充电器相比，所提出的技术既不需要高容量公用事业馈电，也不导致公用电网中的电能质量问题。这两个特点使充电站的安装基于需求和市场的要求，并消除了需要i）访问高容量的公用馈线或ii）馈线升级，这可能会造成过高的成本。充电站的电池模块i）逐渐从电网和/或ii）本地可再生资源充电，即，太阳能光伏发电机组，从而进一步减少温室气体排放和运营成本。该计划的重点是：1-研发i）电池驱动的快速充电站的控制，保护和电源/能源管理软件/硬件，以及ii）充电站基础设施，使用基于Si的电力电子转换器模块用于充电单元和充电站电池操作，适用于项目的第2 - 3年。2-研发新一代快速充电站，基于i）已开发控制系统的增强版和ii）基于SiC的电力电子转换器模块，用于本项目第三年之后的应用。

The salient barrier to large-scale EV adoption is "range anxiety", i.e., i) long charging time, ii) relatively smallrange of distance coverage per charge iii) and lack of necessary or readily-accessible charging infrastructure,particularly in rural areas. The most common used EV chargers are levels-1 and level-2 charges which take upto 8 hours to fully charge the EV's batteries and are not suited for use during long-distance travel. Level-3 (fast)chargers that take 20-25 minutes for charging are the next step in the evolution of EV chargers and enablelong-distance/rural EV travel. This collaborative industry-university proposal by eCAMION and the Universityof Toronto is to research, develop, test and install prototypes of EV fast-charging (level-3) stations that utilizegrid-level Li-ion battery as the main source to supply multiple DC fast-chargers. The envisioned chargingstation, within the next three-years, is primarily intended for installation in rural area, e.g., along Tans-CanadaHighway and other main transportation corridors, to address "range anxiety" for EV's long-range and/or ruraltravel. In contrast to the existing EV fast-chargers, the proposed technology neither requires high-capacityutility-feed nor results in power quality issues in the utility grid. These two features enable installation of thecharging station based on demand and market requirements and eliminates the need for i) access tohigh-capacity utility feeder or ii) feeder up-grade which can impose excessive cost. The battery module of thecharging station is charged i) gradually from the grid and/or ii) local renewable resources, i.e., solar-PV units,and thus further reduces GHG emission and cost of operation. This program focuses on:1- RD&D of i) control, protection and Power/Energy management software/hardware of the battery-enabledfast charging station and ii) charging station infrastructure using Si-based power electronic converter modulesfor charging unit and station battery operation, for applications within 2nd-3rd year of the project. 2- RD&D ofnext-generation fast-charging station based on i) enhanced version of the developed control system and ii)SiC-based power electronic converter modules for applications beyond the 3rd-year of this project.