Advancing the science of road safety management through innovation in crash and non-crash based analysis

根据加拿大汽车运输管理委员会（CCMTA）的数据，加拿大每年有近2000人在使用道路时死亡，16.5万人受伤（其中1万人伤势严重），给社会造成370亿美元的损失。道路交通管理局网站载有可供用户查阅的道路安全措施清单，道路安全利益相关者可采用或调整这些措施，以应对他们的具体道路安全挑战。虽然其中一些已被“证明”是有效的，但人们注意到，对于另一些，还没有可衡量的有效性，因此只认为这些是“有希望的”。为了将那些有希望的措施，特别是与基础设施相关的措施重新分类为“经过验证的”，并在此过程中开发碰撞修改因素，这些因素对于在成本效益分析中估计安全效益和在规划基础设施安全措施时确定项目优先级至关重要。在满足这一需要时，传统的道路安全分析方法所能取得的成果是有限的，尽管缺乏知识，但这一领域的研究成果正在迅速减少。

According to the Canadian Council of Motor Transportation Administrators (CCMTA), each year in Canada, almost 2,000 people are killed and 165,000 are injured (10,000 seriously) while using Canada's roads, costing society $37 billion. The CCMTA website maintains a user searchable inventory of road safety initiatives which road safety stakeholders can adopt or adapt to address their specific road safety challenges. Although some of these have been “proven” effective, it is noted that for others, measured effectiveness is not yet available, and these are thus considered only as “promising”. There is a need for knowledge on measured safety effectiveness in order to reclassify those promising measures, particularly infrastructure related ones, to “proven”, and in the process to develop crash modification factors that are vital for estimating safety benefits in cost-benefit analysis and project prioritization in planning infrastructure safety measures. In fulfilling this need, there are limits to what can be achieved with traditional road safety analytical methods, and research returns in this area are rapidly diminishing despite the dearth of knowledge.