Type 2 Diabetes: Understanding its Early Drivers and the Road to Therapeutics

摘要 请为题为2型糖尿病：了解其早期的Keystone研讨会提供支持 《司机与治疗之路》，由克里斯托弗·罗兹博士、洛拉·海斯勒博士和马丁·迈尔斯博士组织。 会议将于2023年5月1日至4日在加利福尼亚州棕榈泉举行。 早期发现和后续干预是良好治疗结果和避免 大多数疾病的并发症。可以说，这可能不是2型糖尿病(T2D)的情况 测量升高的血糖和糖化血红蛋白，历史上与预测的视网膜病变的发病有关，也发生了 在这种疾病发病机制的晚期。这使得需要改进的T2D标记以 更好地早期诊断和治疗这种流行疾病。随着精准医学的出现，现在是 从分子水平重新审视2型糖尿病发病机制的时间。然而，问题是 这一领域仍然存在，例如：1.T2D的哪些子集定义了某些糖尿病的进展速度 并发症；2.能否更好地识别疾病的早期分子驱动因素；3.哪些因素对 器官间通讯功能障碍和代谢稳态改变；4.胰岛细胞衰竭 真正定义这种疾病；以及5.如果及早发现，我们能否设想逆转甚至预防的方法 T2D？一线希望是，随着几种常用的T2D疗法即将失去专利，这可能只是 是可以想象的。尽管如此，仍然需要更有效的治疗方法，而不仅仅是 对于T2D来说，也是因为它的共病。因此，本次Keystone研讨会将审视当前 对T2D发病机制和治疗前景的了解，并着眼于早期诊断 AS，转向更有效和量身定制的T2D治疗方案(S)，也可以预防(或显著延迟) 导致并发症和合并症的途径。

ABSTRACT Support is requested for a Keystone Symposia conference entitled Type 2 Diabetes: Understanding its Early Drivers and the Road to Therapeutics, organized by Drs. Christopher Rhodes, Lora Heisler, and Martin Myers. The conference will be held in Palm Springs, CA from May 1 - 4, 2023. Early detection and consequential intervention are key to good treatment outcomes and avoidance of complications for most diseases. Arguably, this may not be the case for Type-2 diabetes (T2D) where measures of elevated glucose and HbA1C, historically related to a predicted onset of retinopathy, occur too late in the pathogenesis of the disease. This makes the need for improved markers of T2D necessary to better diagnose and treat this prevalent disease at early stages. With the advent of precision medicine, now is the time to re-examine the pathogenesis of type 2 (pre)diabetes at the molecular level. However, questions the field remain, such as: 1. Which subsets of T2D define the rate of progression to certain diabetes complications; 2. Can early molecular drivers of the disease be better identified; 3. What factors contribute to dysfunctional inter-organ communication and altered metabolic homeostasis; 4. Does pancreatic ß-cell failure really define the disease; and 5. If detected early enough, can we envision ways to reverse, or even prevent T2D? The silver lining is that with several commonly used T2D therapies coming off patent soon, this may just be conceivable. Nonetheless, there also remains a need for more effective therapeutic approaches, not just for T2D, but also for its comorbidities. Therefore, this Keystone Symposia conference will examine the current knowledge of T2D pathogenesis and the therapeutic landscape with a vision towards earlier diagnosis, as well as, towards more effective and tailored T2D treatment regime(s) that could also prevent (or significantly delay) the pathway to complications and comorbidities.