Evaluation of dynamic powder behavior for three Ti alloy s targeting laser and ebeam powder bed additive manufacturing applications

增材制造（AM）是一种颠覆性的技术，它可以直接从数字文件逐层增量地构建非常复杂的物体，这些物体是传统加工无法生产的。先进粉末和涂料（AP&C）是制造用于增材制造和金属喷涂涂料的超高性能球形金属粉末的全球领导者。AP&C正在生产最好的自由流动和无团聚的球形钛基金属粉末，在竞争中具有卓越的控制和性能效率。AP&C不断希望进一步了解其粉末的特性，以及如何进一步提高粉末质量，最终在粉末特性和成分之间形成全球理解。这种关系是提高他们的竞争力和产品组合的战略，导致业务增长的最终目标。该提案将提供关于使用新的粉末表征工具的可行性和互补性的基线答案：动态休止角（Granudrum），以更好地了解金属粉末的运动和流变性，这是一个新兴的共识，表明传统的粉末表征技术不足以理解增材制造过程中的粉末行为。拟议的测试矩阵将包括三种粉末的静态和动态粉末行为特性：Ti-64， Ti-6242和Ti-5553。确定所提出的粉末的外在和内在特性之间的关系，以确定最佳的颗粒表面特性，减轻粘附和内聚问题。这些知识将被AP&C用于调整其加工参数，以获得改善的粉末表面特性，并帮助AP&C的客户开发粉末处理的最佳实践。

Additive Manufacturing (AM) is a disruptive technology that incrementally builds very complex objectslayer-by-layer directly from a digital file, objects impossible to produce by conventional machining. AdvancedPowders and Coatings (AP&C), is a world leader in fabrication of ultra-high-performance spherical metalpowders engineered for AM and metal spray coatings. AP&C is producing among the best free-flowing andagglomerate-free spherical Ti-based metal powders, yielding superior control and performance efficienciesover competition. AP&C constantly desires to further understand the characteristics of their powders for AMand how powder quality can be further improved to ultimately develop a global understanding between thepowder characteristics and compositions. This relation is strategic to improve their competitiveness andproduct portfolio, leading to the ultimate goal of business growth. This proposal will provide baseline answersregarding the feasibility and complementarity in using a new powder characterization tool: the dynamic angleof repose (Granudrum) to better understand metal powder motion and rheology as an emerging consensusreveals that the traditional powder characterization techniques are insufficient to understand the powderbehavior during AM processing. The proposed test matrix will include static and dynamic powder behaviorproperties for three powders: Ti-64, Ti-6242 and Ti-5553. Identification of the relationships between theextrinsic and intrinsic properties of the proposed powders will be done to identify optimal particle surfacecharacteristics mitigating adhesion and cohesion issues. The knowledge will be usable by AP&C to adjust theirprocessing parameters to obtain improved powder surface characteristics and help in the development of bestpractices for powder handling by AP&C's customers.