Statistical models for irregularly sized objects

该项目的主要目标是通过方程中的非线性回归函数f（）来预测图像作为协变量X的连续输出Y: Y = f(X) +残差。为了使回归模型有效，所有的X协变量必须具有相同的维度。与大多数图像处理应用程序不同，这个项目中的图像大小不同。在标准应用程序中，不规则大小的矩形图像可以通过压缩、拉伸、裁剪和填充来转换，以使图像达到通用大小。然而，在我们的应用程序中，具有高Y值的转换图像将等同于具有低Y值的相同维度的未转换图像。换句话说，尺寸归一化转换过程会产生破坏回归关系的伪影。这个项目扩展了用于图像处理的方法来解决这类问题。最终，回归模型的见解将用于预测图像X可以修改的最佳方式，从而产生增加/减少的Y值。在这个项目中，我们试图从艺术数据库中预测Y年的图像X，其中艺术作品是任意大小的矩形，具有任何宽高比。压缩图像会使图像内容以与其时间周期不一致的方式扭曲。裁剪图像会删除用于预测的重要特征。用外推的彩色空间填充图像使图像相当于另一件艺术品。在这种情况下，早期文艺复兴时期的作品可能会被转换特征所主导，使其相当于近代的现代艺术作品。这项工作的第二个目标是研究如何修改艺术作品，使其等同于该风格的早期或后期形式。这些方法适用于合作公司Unbounce，因为他们将帮助他们建议客户如何在保持整体风格的同时最佳地修改艺术品。

The primary objective of this project is prediction of a continuous output Y from images acting as covariates Xthrough a nonlinear regression function f() in the equation: Y = f(X) + residual. In order for the regressionmodel to be valid all of the X covariates must have the same dimension. Unlike in most image processingapplications images in this project are of differing sizes. In standard applications irregularly sized rectangularimages can be transformed via compression, stretching, cropping, and padding to bring the images to acommon size. However in our application a transformed image with a high value of Y will be equivalent to anun-transformed image of the same dimension with a low value of Y. In other words, the size normalizingtransformation process induces artifacts that will destroy the regression relationship. This project expands themethods used for image processing to account for this type of problem. Ultimately the insights of theregression model will be used to predict optimal ways in which image X can be modified so as to produce anincreased/decreased value of Y. In this project we try to predict year Y images X from an art database whereart pieces are arbitrarily sized rectangles with any aspect ratio. Compressing an image will distort the imagecontents in ways that could be inconsistent with its time period. Cropping an image removes importantfeatures for prediction. Padding images with extrapolated coloured space makes the image equivalent to adifferent art piece. In such cases an early renaissance piece may become dominated by the transformationfeatures making it equivalent to a recent modern art piece. The secondary goal of this work is to examine howto modify an art work so as to make it equivalent to an earlier or later form of that style. These methods areapplicable to the partner company, Unbounce, in that they will assist them in advising their client customers inhow to modify artwork optimally while maintaining it's overall style.