IceCube data analysis and detector upgrade developments

位于南极洲南极站的冰立方中微子天文台是世界上最大的中微子探测器。它针对几百GeV到几十PeV之间的中微子能量进行了优化，是研究高能中微子和间接宇宙学暗物质搜索的首要设施。在2008年，IceCube的原始设计增加了一个低能量的扩展，称为DeepCore，将观测站的阈值降低到大约10 GeV，并启动了一个基于量子力学的粒子物理计划，专注于中微子振荡测量和间接暗物质搜索。** IceCube和DeepCore探测器阵列的效率超过99%，数据分析达到了全灵敏度，结果影响力很大，包括高能天体物理中微子通量的高级研究，世界领先的间接暗物质搜索和全球竞争力的中微子振荡测量。在这些成功的基础上，该合作正在开发IceCube的低能（PINGU）和高能扩展，以实现基本的中微子测量，并确定最高能量中微子的来源，从而对标准模型进行关键测试。加拿大冰立方计划由阿尔伯塔大学和SNOLAB的6名教师领导。这是一个领导小组，在对探测器可获得的全部能量范围进行数据分析的所有方面进行合作。该小组的活动包括校准方面的新发展、新的重建算法和蒙特卡罗模拟中的先进技术，旨在减少主要探测器系统的不确定性。 我们的高级物理分析主要集中在测量20 GeV附近的大气中微子振荡，大气中微子通量，间接暗物质搜索，以及研究高能中微子以精确测量中微子味比和洛伦兹破坏测试。国际IceCube合作对加拿大贡献的认可是通过目前任命PI Grant为PINGU低能扩展的共同召集人和出版委员会主席，Clark为PINGU项目的分析协调员，Kopper为漫射中微子工作组的共同召集人。提案中要求提供资金，以维持目前的核心冰立方分析活动，并继续开发未来的探测器升级。目前的IceCube加拿大团队包括一名Banting研究员，2名NSERC支持的博士后研究员，2名继续博士研究生，3名硕士生和3名本科生研究员。支持更多的研究生和本科生的研究人员，旅行费用，以促进该集团在这一独特的国际合作中的作用，并共同基金的捐款要求。

The IceCube Neutrino Observatory, located at South Pole Station Antarctica, is the world's largest neutrino detector. Optimized for neutrino energies between a few hundred GeV and tens of PeV, it is the premier facility for the study of high-energy neutrinos and indirect cosmological dark matter searches. In 2008 the original design for IceCube was augmented with a low-energy extension, called DeepCore, that reduced the threshold for the observatory to approximately 10 GeV and initiated an Antarctic-based particle physics program focused on neutrino oscillation measurements and indirect dark matter searches. ******The IceCube and DeepCore detector arrays are operating with greater than 99% efficiency and the data analyses are reaching full sensitivity with high impact results, including the advanced studies of the high-energy astrophysical neutrino flux, world-leading indirect dark matter searches, and globally competitive neutrino oscillation measurements. Building on these successes, the collaboration is developing low-energy (PINGU) and high-energy extensions to IceCube to achieve fundamental neutrino measurements and identify the sources of the highest energy neutrinos leading to key tests of the standard model.******The Canadian IceCube program is lead by 6 faculty members at the University of Alberta and SNOLAB. This is a leading group within the collaboration in all aspects of the on-going data analyses for the full energy range accessible by the detector. The group's activities include novel developments in calibrations, new reconstruction algorithms and advanced techniques in the Monte Carlo simulations, designed to reduce the primary detector systematic uncertainties. Our high-level physics analyses are primarily focused on measurements of atmospheric neutrino oscillations near 20 GeV, the atmospheric neutrino flux, indirect dark matter searches, and studies of high-energy neutrinos for precision measurements of the neutrino flavour ratio and tests of Lorentz violation. Recognition by the international IceCube collaboration of the Canadian contributions has come through current appointments of PI Grant as the co-convenor for the PINGU low-energy extension and chair of the Publications Committee, Clark as the analysis coordinator for the PINGU project, and Kopper as co-convener for the Diffuse neutrino working group.******Requested in the proposal is funding to maintain the current core IceCube analysis activities and to continue the development of the future detector upgrades. The current IceCube Canada groups include a Banting Fellow, 2 NSERC supported postdoctoral fellows, 2 continuing PhD graduate students, 3 MSc students and 3 undergraduate researchers. Support for additional graduate and undergraduate researchers, travel expenses to facilitate the group's role in this unique international collaboration, and common fund contributions are requested.