Battery-Enabled EV Fast -Charging Station

大规模采用电动汽车的主要障碍是“里程焦虑”，即i)充电时间长；ii)每次充电的距离覆盖范围相对较小；iii)缺乏必要的或易于使用的充电基础设施，尤其是在农村地区。最常用的电动汽车充电器是一级和二级充电器，它们需要**到8小时才能充满电动汽车的电池，不适合长途旅行。充电时间为20-25分钟的3级（快速）充电器是电动汽车充电器发展的下一步，可以实现长途/农村电动汽车旅行。这项由eCAMION和多伦多大学提出的产学研合作计划是研究、开发、测试和安装电动汽车快速充电（三级）站的原型，这些充电站利用电网级锂离子电池作为主要来源，提供多个直流快速充电器。在未来三年内，设想中的充电站主要安装在农村地区，例如泛加高速公路和其他主要交通走廊，以解决电动汽车远程和/或农村旅行的“里程焦虑”。与现有的电动汽车快速充电器相比，拟议的技术既不需要大容量的公用事业馈电，也不会导致公用事业电网的电能质量问题。这两个特点使**充电站能够根据需求和市场需求安装，并消除了i)访问**大容量公用事业馈线或ii)升级馈线的需要，这可能会带来过高的成本。**充电站的电池模块充电i)逐步从电网和/或ii)当地可再生资源，即太阳能光伏单元**，从而进一步减少温室气体排放和运营成本。该项目的重点是：**1-研发i)电池支持的**快速充电站的控制、保护和电源/能源管理软件/硬件；ii)使用基于硅的电力电子转换模块**的充电站基础设施，用于充电单元和充电站电池的运行，在项目的第二至第三年内应用。2-基于i)开发的控制系统的增强版本和ii)基于sic的电力电子转换模块，研发**下一代快速充电站，用于本项目第三年以后的应用。

The salient barrier to large-scale EV adoption is "range anxiety", i.e., i) long charging time, ii) relatively small**range of distance coverage per charge iii) and lack of necessary or readily-accessible charging infrastructure,**particularly in rural areas. The most common used EV chargers are levels-1 and level-2 charges which take up**to 8 hours to fully charge the EV's batteries and are not suited for use during long-distance travel. Level-3 (fast)**chargers that take 20-25 minutes for charging are the next step in the evolution of EV chargers and enable**long-distance/rural EV travel. This collaborative industry-university proposal by eCAMION and the University**of Toronto is to research, develop, test and install prototypes of EV fast-charging (level-3) stations that utilize**grid-level Li-ion battery as the main source to supply multiple DC fast-chargers. The envisioned charging**station, within the next three-years, is primarily intended for installation in rural area, e.g., along Tans-Canada**Highway and other main transportation corridors, to address "range anxiety" for EV's long-range and/or rural**travel. In contrast to the existing EV fast-chargers, the proposed technology neither requires high-capacity**utility-feed nor results in power quality issues in the utility grid. These two features enable installation of the**charging station based on demand and market requirements and eliminates the need for i) access to**high-capacity utility feeder or ii) feeder up-grade which can impose excessive cost. The battery module of the**charging station is charged i) gradually from the grid and/or ii) local renewable resources, i.e., solar-PV units,**and thus further reduces GHG emission and cost of operation. This program focuses on:**1- RD&D of i) control, protection and Power/Energy management software/hardware of the battery-enabled**fast charging station and ii) charging station infrastructure using Si-based power electronic converter modules**for charging unit and station battery operation, for applications within 2nd-3rd year of the project. 2- RD&D of**next-generation fast-charging station based on i) enhanced version of the developed control system and ii)**SiC-based power electronic converter modules for applications beyond the 3rd-year of this project.