Development of Novel Nanopolymers and Nanofibers as Iron Sulfide Scale Inhibitors in Oil Production

硫化氢是石油和天然气工业以及造纸工业中常见的污染物。硫化氢气体的反应性质导致硫化铁垢积聚。矿物垢地层是油气生产中一个严重而昂贵的问题。管道内表面的硫化铁结垢是含硫原油生产商面临的一个严重的流动保障问题，也是加拿大常规石油生产商面临的一个主要挑战。通常，采用机械和化学方法来减轻FeS结垢。机械除垢只在容易接近的区域可行。因此，化学处理对于预防、控制和减少形成的FeS沉积物是必要的。使用盐酸进行酸化处理是去除FeS沉积物最常用的方法。然而，H2S副产物的产生，加速系统腐蚀的潜力，以及对更稳定形式的硫化铁（如黄铁矿）的低效，限制了它的应用。其他治疗方法使用铁螯合剂。但是，铁螯合剂在防止硫化铁结垢方面的选择性很差，这使得该技术在经济上不可行。因此，目前的工业产品开发需要创新的方法来有效地控制高盐水系统中的硫化铁结垢。因此，在提案中，我们建议**开发创新的高功能高分子材料（超支化聚合物和纳米纤维）**，以去除硫化铁沉积物。

Hydrogen sulfide is a common contaminant in the oil and gas industry as well as in the paper industry. The**reactive nature of the hydrogen sulfide gas causes accumulation of iron sulfide scale. Mineral scale formation is**a serious and expensive problem in oil and gas production. Iron sulfide scale formation on the inner surfaces of**the pipeline is a serious flow assurance problem faced by sour crude oil well producers, which is a major**challenge for conventional oil producers in Canada. Commonly, mechanical and chemical methods are used to**mitigate FeS scale. Mechanical scaling removal is only feasible in easily accessible areas. Therefore, chemical**treatment is necessary to prevent, control and reduce formed FeS deposits. Acidizing treatment using**hydrochloric acid is the most common procedure utilized for FeS deposits removal. However, the generation**of H2S by-product, the potential to accelerate corrosion in the system and its inefficiency to more stable forms**of iron sulfides such as pyrite, limits its application. Other treatment uses iron chelators. But, iron chelators**has poor selectivity towards preventing iron sulfide scaling formation, which leads the applications to become**economically unfeasible. Therefore, there is a current industrial product development demand for innovative**ways to efficiently control iron sulfide scaling on high brine systems. Therefore, in the proposal, we propose**the development of innovation highly functional polymer materials (hyperbranched polymers and nanofibers)**for the removal of the iron sulfide deposits.