First-order digital twin simulation of a hybrid-electric regional transport aircraft

电动混合动力飞行有可能大幅降低飞机的燃油消耗和排放，并开辟全新的市场。并行混合动力架构可以在使用现有机身的同时，通过缩小涡轮机的尺寸，并通过电池提供瞬态所需的额外动力，从而降低燃料消耗。系列混合动力，结合新的机身，通过允许起飞功率和巡航功率之间的巨大差异，而不损失传统系统由于设计外燃气轮机性能差而导致的效率损失，开辟了更大的机会。**普惠加拿大公司（PWC）目前正在探索新兴的电动混合动力飞机市场，以确定性能改进的机会，重点是系列混合动力架构。虽然关于电动和电动混合动力飞机有相当多的“炒作”，但关于实际可实现性能的科学文献和可靠数据有限。大多数研究依赖于电池能量密度的未来值（高达当前最先进电池技术的4倍），制造商声称电机的瞬态额定功率是乐观的。普华永道已与舍布鲁克大学的Createk设计实验室联系，以评估系列混合动力飞机的性能。Picard教授在Createk的团队目前正在开发电动混合动力飞机的技术，包括陶瓷微型涡轮机、高速发电机和低阻力管道风扇，以及评估这些技术在飞机任务中的效益的模型。基于这一经验，**教授。Picard将进行ENGAGE项目，使用一阶数字孪生模型模拟区域运输任务，将电动混合动力飞机的实际性能与理想性能预测进行比较。

Electric-hybrid flight has the potential to drastically reduce fuel consumption and emissions of aircrafts, as well**as enabling completely new markets. Parallel hybrid architectures could reduce fuel consumption while using**existing airframes by downsizing the turbine and providing the additional power required during transients with**batteries. Series hybrid, combined with new airframes, opens even greater opportunities by allowing large**differences between take-off power and cruise power without losses in efficiencies experienced in conventional**systems due to poor off-design gas turbine performance.**Pratt & Whitney Canada (PWC) is currently exploring the emerging electric-hybrid aircraft market to identify**the opportunities for performance improvements, with a focus on series hybrid architecture. While there is a**considerable "hype" around electric and electric-hybrid aircrafts, there is limited scientific literature and**reliable data on the actual achievable performance. Most of the studies rely on futuristic values for battery**energy density (up to 4 times that of current state-of-the-art battery technology) and manufacturers claim**optimistic transient power rating of electric motors.**PWC has approached Createk Design Lab at Université de Sherbrooke to assess the performance of series**hybrid aircrafts. Prof. Picard's team within Createk is currently developing technologies for electric-hybrid**aircrafts - including a ceramic microturbine, a high-speed electric generator and low-drag ducted fans - as well**as models to evaluate the benefits of these technologies on the aircraft mission. Building on this experience,**Prof. Picard will carry this ENGAGE project to compare the actual performance of an electric-hybrid aircraft to**ideal performance predictions using a first-order digital twin model to simulate a regional transport mission.