Integrated hydraulic-GIS model for pluvial urban flooding risk analysis

在加拿大，城市洪水是一种反复发生的灾害，由于风暴事件数量的增加，其频率和强度在不久的将来可能会增加。积极和有指导意义的评估城市 ** 洪水灾害是必要的和有价值的洪水响应和未来的规划。目的是利用地理信息系统技术开发一种城市洪水灾害评估策略。为了帮助实现这一目标，该项目 ** 与加拿大的企业地理信息系统（GIS）** 软件解决方案分销商Esri Inc.合作。目前，基于GIS和水力/水文模型是城市洪水分析的两种常用方法。然而，目前大多数多标准GIS** 模型引入主观性和不必要的近似结果。相比之下，水力/水文 ** 模型提供了很大的细节和准确性，但遭受高计算成本。因此，本项目力求 ** 整合地理信息系统和水力/水文模型，以便利用这两种 ** 方法的优势。迄今为止，对这一问题的研究有限。拟议的方法包括：（1）** 在小训练区进行基于水力/水文模型的分析，以获得最大水深 ** 图;（2）利用训练区的最大水深图建立GIS模型，使 **GIS模型能够模拟水力/水文模型;（3）分析由此产生的城市洪水危险性 ** 分布。该项目的最终结果将集成到Esri加拿大服务中，该服务基于位置属性科学地评估城市洪水危害。研究和调查结果将直接有利于 ** 加拿大城市洪水灾害地图提供了一个简单的方法来评估风险。城市洪水危险图的使用可以帮助未来的洪水响应效率和排水基础设施的设计。在洪水实际发生之前知道有很大可能性发生洪水的地点是很有价值的。这可以导致 ** 针对最近严重风暴事件的增加，更好地准备和更安全的城市环境。

In Canada, urban flooding is a reoccurring disaster and its frequency and intensity are likely to increase in the**near future due to increases in the number of storm events. An active and instructive assessment of urban**flooding hazards is necessary and valuable for flood response and future planning. The objective is to develop**an urban flooding hazard evaluation strategy using GIS technology. To help realize this objective, the project**collaborates with Esri Canada, the Canadian distributor of enterprise geographic information system (GIS)**software solutions developed by Esri Inc. In the present, GIS-based and hydraulic/hydrologic models are the**two widely-used solutions for urban flooding analysis. However, the majority of current multi-criteria GIS**models introduce subjectivity and unwanted approximations to the results. In contrast, hydraulic/hydrologic**models provide great detail and accuracy but suffer from high computational cost. Hence, this project seeks to**integrate the GIS and hydraulic/hydrologic models, in order to take advantage of the strengths from both**approaches. Until today, limited research has been done on this topic. The proposed methodology includes: (1)**performing hydraulic/hydrologic model-based analysis in small training areas to obtain maximum water depth**maps; (2) using the maximum water depth maps in training areas to establish a GIS model, which allows the**GIS model to simulate the hydraulic/hydrologic model; (3) analyzing the resulting urban flooding hazard**distribution. The final results from this project will be integrated into Esri Canada services, which scientifically**evaluate urban flooding hazards based on locational attributes. The research and findings will directly benefit**Canadian urban flood hazard mapping by providing a straightforward means of assessing risk. The use of urban**flood hazard maps can assist future flood response effectiveness and drainage infrastructure design. It is**valuable to know locations that have high possibility to flood before the flood actually happens. This can lead**to a better prepared and safer urban environment against recent increases in severe storm events.