Wrapping up 50 years of fluidization and multiphase system fundamental and applied research

该提案旨在为基础和应用研究和指导的成功50年职业生涯的最后一章提供资金。 来自流化床的夹带受到巨大的不确定性的影响，预测之间的差异高达20个数量级！我们最近已经表明，静电荷，没有考虑在任何现有的预测方法，是负责这种不确定性的大部分，与粒子的电性能发挥了很大的作用。我们将测量由不同材料制成的柱中的夹带和静电荷，并开发预测静电力的方法。还将探讨静电对运输分离高度的影响。* 对Atomic的了解很少，但在许多过程中至关重要。我们将利用广泛用于工业催化剂颗粒磨损表征的3喷嘴磨损装置进行CFD研究，以更好地了解导致磨损和破碎的颗粒运动和相互作用的基本原理。 我们还将比较四种不同设备在低温和高温下的磨损情况。* 8年前，申请人构思并领导了一项设计和建造新型移动流化床设备的计划，该设备现已在3个国家的7个实验室中在相同条件下运行，从而能够对测量技术进行比较。它还导致了一个独特的数据库，用于验证多相CFD代码。 替代技术一般表现出良好的定性一致性，但数量差异很大。 计算流体力学研究将预测粒子的运动与实验研究中使用的实际示踪剂的性质，以确定不同的示踪剂物理性质在多大程度上解释了所观察到的流体动力学测量中的定量差异，并建立选择跟踪粒子的标准。*** 申请人是正在进行的碳捕获CREATE计划的共同PI。需要发现赠款资金来支持替代固体二氧化碳吸收剂的测试，这些吸收剂除了成本低和有利的物理和化学性质外，还可以在相对较低的温度下再生。它还将使关于生物质双床蒸汽气化反应器建模的博士论文得以完成，并为一个关于天然气的吸附增强重整的新项目提供部分支持。 申请人已与Wiley签订合同，准备编写一本关于流化的新教科书，这是非常需要的，因为以前以教学为重点的流化书籍已有几十年的历史，因此未能涵盖最近的发展，例如使用多相CFD代码取得的巨大进步和对颗粒间力的新理解。补助金支持将允许申请人继续参加重要会议，聘请暑期学生协助数字和参考资料，并支付杂费。

This proposal seeks funding for the last chapter in a successful 50-year career of fundamental and applied research and mentoring.*** Entrainment from fluidized beds is subject to enormous uncertainty, with discrepancies between predictions up to 20 orders of magnitude! We have recently shown that electrostatic charges, not considered in any existing predictive methods, are responsible for much of this uncertainty, with electrical properties of particles playing a strong role. We will measure entrainment and electrostatic charges in columns made of different materials and develop predictive methods which account for electrostatic forces. The effect of electrostatics on transport disengaging heights will also be explored.*** Attrition is poorly understood, but of vital importance in many processes. We will utilize a 3-jet attrition device, widely used in industry for catalyst particle attrition characterization, to CFD study to better understand the fundamentals of particle motion and interactions leading to abrasion and breakage. We will also compare attrition in four different devices at low and high temperature.*** 8 years ago, the applicant conceived and led an initiative to design and build a novel Travelling Fluidized Bed apparatus that has now been operated under identical conditions at 7 labs in 3 countries, enabling comparison of measurement techniques. It has also led to a unique database for validation of multiphase CFD codes. Alternative techniques have generally shown good qualitative agreement, but substantial quantitative differences. A CFD study will predict the motion of particles with properties of actual tracers used in the experimental studies to determine the extent to which different tracer physical properties account for the observed quantitative differences in hydrodynamic measurement and to establish criteria for choosing particles for tracking. *** The applicant is a co-PI on an ongoing CREATE program on carbon capture. Discovery grant funding is needed to support testing of alternative solid CO2 sorbents, which, in addition to low cost and favourable physical and chemical properties, can be regenerated at relatively low temperatures. It will also enable a PhD thesis on reactor modelling of dual bed steam gasification of biomass to be completed, and provide partial support for a new project on sorbent-enhanced reforming of natural gas.*** The applicant has signed a contract with Wiley to prepare a new textbook on Fluidization, sorely needed as previous teaching-focused fluidization books are decades old, therefore failing to cover recent developments, such as the enormous advances made using multi-phase CFD codes and new understanding regarding inter-particle forces. Grant support will allow the applicant to continue to attend key conferences, hire a summer student to assist with figures and references, and cover incidental costs.**