Toward a decrease in dietary crude protein in broilers: amino acids adjustment considering both structural and functional roles, fine tuning of mineral profile, and energy:protein

这项研究建议的重点是优化氮(N)资源的使用，以确保当前面临重大环境、经济和社会挑战的家禽生产的可持续发展。总体目标是通过优化动物对氮的利用来减少氮的摄入量，尽可能准确地调整对动物需求的贡献，以避免降低生产性能。这将反过来减少N向环境中的释放。使用荟萃分析工具的初步结果使我们能够确定可能影响低粗蛋白(CP)策略成功的必需氨基酸以外的其他饮食因素。这种方法还揭示了在降低CP的同时对肉鸡健康的可能影响。基于此，在低CP策略中，调整其他日粮成分，如矿物质，甚至添加对肠道细胞有功能作用的非必需氨基酸(NEAA)(如谷氨酰胺)，将改善动物的健康状况。预计这些战略有助于减少抗生素的使用，这是肉鸡生产可持续性的另一个重要因素。该研究项目将专注于种植鸡肉。将制定两个目标：1)降低生长鸡的日粮CP，以此作为一种在不影响生长性能的情况下提高氮效率的方法，并评估对健康的可能影响；2)估计肉鸡对必需氨基酸(EAA)和NEAA对肠道健康的反应。这些目标将验证和完善荟萃分析中发现的结果。

This research proposal focuses on optimizing the use of nitrogen (N) resources to ensure the sustainable development of poultry production that currently face significant environmental, economic and societal challenges. The general objective is to reduce N intake by optimizing its use by animals, by adjusting, as accurately as possible, the contribution to the needs of the animals to avoid reducing performance. This will in turn reduce the release of N into the environment. Preliminary results using meta-analysis tool allowed us identifying other dietary factors than essential amino acids that may affect the success of low crude protein (CP) strategies. This approach also revealed possible impact of broilers health while reducing CP. Based on this, in low CP strategies, the adjustment of other dietary components such as minerals, or even adding non essential amino acids (NEAA) with a functional role (e.g. glutamine) on enterocytes would improve animal health status. It is expected that these strategies support the reduction of antibiotics use, another important factor in broiler production sustainability. The research project will focus on growing chicken. Two objectives will be developed 1) reduction of dietary CP in growing chickens as a way to improve N efficiency without compromising growth performance, and assessing possible impact of health and 2) Estimation of broiler responses to essential amino acids (EAA) and NEAA on gut health. These objectives will validate and complete the results found in the meta-analysis.