Precision nutrition in pig production in a context of precision feeding: impact of meal size, frequency, and enzymes supplements

本项目的总体目的是在估算个体猪最佳营养需求的模型（AIPF模型）中整合饲养模式、日粮组成以及日粮营养素的消化和代谢动态可用性之间的相互作用，并从调节生长猪的营养利用和胴体组成的角度出发。事实上，即使我们知道饲喂模式会影响饲料的消化率，但进食频率和饲料摄入量对营养物质消化率的具体影响，特别是在日粮中添加酶补充剂时，并不明确，而且我们还远没有方程来预测这些机制。此外，根据饮食组成（小麦与玉米基础饮食），消化过程可能会受到影响，然后改变内源性和补充酶活性的效率，减少可用的营养素。在最佳利用营养素和个性化饲料供应方法的背景下，必须描述喂养模式的可能影响，并精确量化其对不同饲料类型和喂养环境的影响。该项目所取得的成果将对更好地利用饲料以及更好地协调动物需求和营养摄入量产生短期和长期影响。该项目还将开启几个研究领域，以了解酶补充剂对营养消化率影响的潜在机制，从而提高动物营养物质的可用性。最后，通过开发新的策略，以有效地利用饲料，本项目将有助于更有效地利用饲料资源和发展养殖技术，以保持加拿大养猪业的竞争力。

The general purpose of this project is to integrate in the model estimating individual pigs' optimal nutrient requirements (AIPF model) the interaction between feeding pattern, diet composition and the digestive and metabolic dynamic availability of dietary nutrients with the perspective of modulating nutrient utilization and carcass composition in growing pigs. In fact, even if it is know that feeding pattern can affect the digestibility of feed, the specific effects of meal frequency and feed intake on the digestibility of nutrients, especially when enzyme supplements are added to diets, are not specifically known and we are far from equations to predict these mechanism. Furthermore, according to diet composition (wheat vs corn basis diet), digestive process can be affected and then modify the efficiency of endogenous and supplemented enzyme activities reducing available nutrients. In the context of optimal use of nutrients and an individual approach to supply the feed, it is essential to characterize the possible impact of feeding patterns and quantify precisely their effect for different feed types and feeding contexts. The results obtained in this project will have short and long-term impacts to a better use of feeds and a better coordination between animal needs and nutrients intake. This project will also open several areas of investigation that will allow to understand the underlying mechanisms of the effect of enzyme supplements on nutrient digestibility and thus improving the availability of nutrients for the animal. Finally, by developing new strategies to use efficiently feed, this project will contribute to use more efficiently feed resources and develop farming techniques to maintain the competitiveness of Canadian swine industry.