Precision nutrition in pig production in a context of precision feeding: impact of meal size, frequency, and enzymes supplements

本课题旨在从调节生长猪营养物质利用和胴体组成的角度，将饲养方式、饲粮组成与饲粮营养物质消化代谢动态有效性之间的相互作用整合到个体猪最佳营养需要量估算模型（AIPF模型）中。事实上，即使我们知道饲养方式会影响饲料的消化率，但进餐频率和采食量对营养物质消化率的具体影响，特别是在日粮中添加酶补充剂时，我们也没有具体的了解，我们还远没有方程来预测这些机制。此外，根据饲粮组成（小麦基础饲粮vs玉米基础饲粮），可以影响消化过程，进而改变内源和补充酶活性的效率，降低速效养分。在营养物质的最佳利用和饲料供应的个别方法的背景下，必须描述饲养模式的可能影响，并精确量化它们对不同饲料类型和饲养环境的影响。本项目获得的结果将对更好地利用饲料和更好地协调动物需求和营养摄入产生短期和长期影响。该项目还将开展几个领域的研究，以了解酶补充剂对营养物质消化率影响的潜在机制，从而提高动物的营养物质利用率。最后，通过制定有效使用饲料的新策略，该项目将有助于更有效地利用饲料资源和发展养殖技术，以保持加拿大养猪业的竞争力。

The general purpose of this project is to integrate in the model estimating individual pigs' optimal nutrient requirements (AIPF model) the interaction between feeding pattern, diet composition and the digestive and metabolic dynamic availability of dietary nutrients with the perspective of modulating nutrient utilization and carcass composition in growing pigs. In fact, even if it is know that feeding pattern can affect the digestibility of feed, the specific effects of meal frequency and feed intake on the digestibility of nutrients, especially when enzyme supplements are added to diets, are not specifically known and we are far from equations to predict these mechanism. Furthermore, according to diet composition (wheat vs corn basis diet), digestive process can be affected and then modify the efficiency of endogenous and supplemented enzyme activities reducing available nutrients. In the context of optimal use of nutrients and an individual approach to supply the feed, it is essential to characterize the possible impact of feeding patterns and quantify precisely their effect for different feed types and feeding contexts. The results obtained in this project will have short and long-term impacts to a better use of feeds and a better coordination between animal needs and nutrients intake. This project will also open several areas of investigation that will allow to understand the underlying mechanisms of the effect of enzyme supplements on nutrient digestibility and thus improving the availability of nutrients for the animal. Finally, by developing new strategies to use efficiently feed, this project will contribute to use more efficiently feed resources and develop farming techniques to maintain the competitiveness of Canadian swine industry.