Precision nutrition in pig production in a context of precision feeding: impact of meal size, frequency, and enzymes supplements

本项目的总体目的是从调节生长猪的养分利用和屠体组成的角度，将饲喂方式、日粮组成和日粮营养物质的消化代谢动态可利用性之间的相互作用整合到估计个体猪的最佳营养需要量的模型(AIPF模型)中。事实上，即使知道饲喂方式会影响饲料的消化率，但膳食频率和饲料摄入量对营养物质消化率的具体影响，特别是在日粮中添加酶补充剂的情况下，并不是特别清楚的，我们远不能用公式来预测这些机制。此外，根据日粮组成(小麦基础日粮与玉米基础日粮)，消化过程可能会受到影响，进而改变内源和补充酶活性降低有效养分的效率。在最佳利用养分和单独提供饲料的背景下，至关重要的是确定饲养模式可能产生的影响，并准确量化它们对不同饲料类型和饲养环境的影响。该项目取得的成果将对更好地利用饲料以及更好地协调动物需求和营养摄入之间的关系产生短期和长期影响。该项目还将开辟几个研究领域，以了解酶补充剂对营养物质消化率的影响的潜在机制，从而改善动物的营养物质利用率。最后，通过制定有效利用饲料的新战略，该项目将有助于更有效地利用饲料资源，并开发养殖技术，以保持加拿大养猪业的竞争力。

The general purpose of this project is to integrate in the model estimating individual pigs' optimal nutrient requirements (AIPF model) the interaction between feeding pattern, diet composition and the digestive and metabolic dynamic availability of dietary nutrients with the perspective of modulating nutrient utilization and carcass composition in growing pigs. In fact, even if it is know that feeding pattern can affect the digestibility of feed, the specific effects of meal frequency and feed intake on the digestibility of nutrients, especially when enzyme supplements are added to diets, are not specifically known and we are far from equations to predict these mechanism. Furthermore, according to diet composition (wheat vs corn basis diet), digestive process can be affected and then modify the efficiency of endogenous and supplemented enzyme activities reducing available nutrients. In the context of optimal use of nutrients and an individual approach to supply the feed, it is essential to characterize the possible impact of feeding patterns and quantify precisely their effect for different feed types and feeding contexts. The results obtained in this project will have short and long-term impacts to a better use of feeds and a better coordination between animal needs and nutrients intake. This project will also open several areas of investigation that will allow to understand the underlying mechanisms of the effect of enzyme supplements on nutrient digestibility and thus improving the availability of nutrients for the animal. Finally, by developing new strategies to use efficiently feed, this project will contribute to use more efficiently feed resources and develop farming techniques to maintain the competitiveness of Canadian swine industry.