Analog power minimization for high-speed 4-PAM serdes

世界各地对数据消费的需求不断增加。随着对视频、社交媒体和商业用途需求的增加，互联网继续扩张。此外，现在连接的物联网（IOT）设备数量几乎是世界人口数量的三倍。2017年，全球有200亿台互联网连接设备，预计到2025年这一数字将增长到750亿台。随着互联网数据使用的爆炸式增长，对更强大的数据中心的需求不断增加。在数据中心内，存在存储、服务器、交换机/集线器和网络设备。所有这些组件都存在于大型机架设备中，这些设备需要高速SERDES背板进行互连，这些SERDES需要不断提高速度以跟上移动更多数据的需求（SERDES是集成电路之间的高速通信通道）。虽然可以不断提高SERDES数据速率，但这是以更高的功耗为代价的。然而，数据中心的功耗是全世界非常关注的问题，因为据预测，到2025年，这些数据中心将消耗全球20%的电力，到2040年，这些数据中心将占全球温室气体排放量的14%。因此，减少数据中心的电力是一个关键问题。该项目着眼于降低这些高速SERDES功率的新技术，因此可以帮助降低未来数据中心的功率。

There is a constant demand for increased data consumption around the world. The internet continuesto expand with increased demand for video, social media, and business use. In addition, there are nowalmost 3 times as many Internet-Of-Things (IOT) devices connected than the world's population. In2017, there were 20 billion internet connected devices and that number is expected to grow to 75 bil-lion by 2025. With this explosion in internet data usage, there is a constant need for more powerfuldata centres. Within data centres, there exists storage, servers, switches/hubs and networking gear.All of these components exist within large racks of equipment that require high speed SERDES overbackplanes for interconnection and these SERDES need to keep increasing in speed to keep up with demandto move more data (SERDES are high speed communication channels between integrated circuits). While it is possible to keep increasing SERDES data rates, this comes at a cost of much higher power. However, the power dissipation for data centres is of great concern worldwide as it has been predicted that these data centres could consume 20 percent of global electricity by year 2025 and contribute up to 14 percent of global greenhouse emmisions by year 2040. Thus, reducing power in data centres is of critical concern. This project looks at new techniques to reducepower in these very high speed SERDES and therefore can help to reduce the power in future data centres.