Battery-Enabled EV Fast -Charging Station

大规模采用电动汽车的显著障碍是“里程焦虑”，即i)充电时间长，ii)每次充电的距离相对较小，iii)以及缺乏必要的或随时可用的充电基础设施，特别是在农村地区。最常用的电动汽车充电器是1级和2级充电器，它们需要长达8个小时才能给电动汽车的电池充满电，不适合长途旅行。充电需要20-25分钟的3级(快速)充电器是电动汽车充电器发展的下一步，并使电动汽车能够长途/乡村旅行。这项由eCAMION和多伦多大学合作的产学合作计划是研究、开发、测试和安装电动汽车快速充电(3级)站的原型，该原型站使用格栅水平锂离子电池作为主要来源，向多个直流快速充电器供电。设想中的充电站将在未来三年内主要安装在农村地区，例如坦加高速公路沿线和其他主要交通走廊，以解决电动汽车长途和/或乡村旅行的“里程焦虑”。与现有的电动汽车快速充电器相比，建议的技术既不需要大容量的电力馈电，也不会导致公用电网中的电能质量问题。这两个特点使充电站的安装基于需求和市场需求，并消除了i)接入大容量公用事业馈线或ii)馈线升级的需要，这可能会带来过高的成本。充电站的电池模块i)逐渐从电网和/或ii)本地可再生资源，即太阳能光伏组件充电，从而进一步减少温室气体排放和运营成本。该计划的重点是：1)电池供电的快速充电站的控制、保护和电力/能源管理软件/硬件的研发，以及ii)使用硅基电力电子转换器模块的充电站基础设施的研发，用于充电单元和电站电池操作，用于项目2-3年内的应用。2-研发下一代快速充电站，基于i)开发的控制系统的增强版本和ii)基于SIC的电力电子转换模块，用于本项目第三年以后的应用。

The salient barrier to large-scale EV adoption is "range anxiety", i.e., i) long charging time, ii) relatively smallrange of distance coverage per charge iii) and lack of necessary or readily-accessible charging infrastructure,particularly in rural areas. The most common used EV chargers are levels-1 and level-2 charges which take upto 8 hours to fully charge the EV's batteries and are not suited for use during long-distance travel. Level-3 (fast)chargers that take 20-25 minutes for charging are the next step in the evolution of EV chargers and enablelong-distance/rural EV travel. This collaborative industry-university proposal by eCAMION and the Universityof Toronto is to research, develop, test and install prototypes of EV fast-charging (level-3) stations that utilizegrid-level Li-ion battery as the main source to supply multiple DC fast-chargers. The envisioned chargingstation, within the next three-years, is primarily intended for installation in rural area, e.g., along Tans-CanadaHighway and other main transportation corridors, to address "range anxiety" for EV's long-range and/or ruraltravel. In contrast to the existing EV fast-chargers, the proposed technology neither requires high-capacityutility-feed nor results in power quality issues in the utility grid. These two features enable installation of thecharging station based on demand and market requirements and eliminates the need for i) access tohigh-capacity utility feeder or ii) feeder up-grade which can impose excessive cost. The battery module of thecharging station is charged i) gradually from the grid and/or ii) local renewable resources, i.e., solar-PV units,and thus further reduces GHG emission and cost of operation. This program focuses on:1- RD&D of i) control, protection and Power/Energy management software/hardware of the battery-enabledfast charging station and ii) charging station infrastructure using Si-based power electronic converter modulesfor charging unit and station battery operation, for applications within 2nd-3rd year of the project. 2- RD&D ofnext-generation fast-charging station based on i) enhanced version of the developed control system and ii)SiC-based power electronic converter modules for applications beyond the 3rd-year of this project.