Experiments in complex fluids for industrial flow systems

该项目与我正在进行的长期目标保持连续性，即为与资源开采和能源生产相关的行业中加拿大经济感兴趣的复杂多相流体力学问题提供实用的实验解决方案和训练有素的工程师和科学家。在拟议的五年计划期间，我的短期目标是继续利用我的实验平台提高知识和创新能力。我将继续描述直接应用于工业起泡雾化的鼓泡管道流动的特性，使用我独特的Taylor-Couette复杂流体试验台探索更多减阻方式，并将增加一台创新的长宽比流动试验台，以了解适用于地下钻探的流动几何形状。这些结果将是新颖的，具有基本价值和应用价值。 我将使用包括剪切变稀聚合物、液-固悬浮液、液-液胶体和液-表面活性剂溶液在内的流体。将对它们进行测试，以了解散装工程特性以及详细的瞬时速度、雷诺应力和湍流结构。 实验将使用激光和光学诊断工具，如相位多普勒粒子测速仪(PDPA或PDA)、激光多普勒测速仪(LDA)、粒子图像测速仪以及高速摄影和图像处理。经过良好控制的实验将提供丰富的令人兴奋和有趣的新结果。这些结果将有助于从根本上理解湍流中的复杂流体，并将立即对加拿大的能源行业有用，因为加拿大的能源行业经常需要详细了解多相和非牛顿物理。这将适用于钻井、水力压裂、泥浆运输和磨损以及废液处理。 在这个拟议的项目中，我沿袭了之前成功的减阻聚合物和多相混合物的实验，以涵盖具有更大物理复杂性的流体。 然后，我将研究伪塑性屈服幂定律流体，重点了解近壁区域的湍流应力以及复杂的应力-应变关系如何影响流动结构和形态。 其结果将是1)横流中气泡注入流型的参数图，重点是非牛顿流体的影响。2)屈服定律流体添加剂和工业流体中典型悬浮颗粒的湍流阻力特性；测试依赖于温度等控制参数的流体的流变性；3)制造独特的长宽比流动试验台，以全面探索垂直、水平和倾斜同心圆柱体几何形状中具有旋转和顺流的定性和定量流动状态。 所有的实验都将通过我的行业合作获得信息，并在期刊和工程报告中分享。该方案具有基础性和应用价值。

This program maintains continuity with my ongoing long term objective to provide practical experimental solutions and well trained engineers and scientists for complex multiphase fluid dynamics problems of interest to the Canadian economy in industries related to resource extraction and energy production. During the proposed five year program, my short term goal is to continue to enhance knowledge and innovation using my experimental platforms. I will continue to characterise bubbly duct flow which is of direct application to industrial effervescent atomization, explore more drag reduction modalities using my unique Taylor-Couette complex fluid testing rig and I will add an innovative long aspect ratio flow rig for understanding flow geometries applicable to underground drilling. These results will be novel, relevant with both fundamental and applied value. I will use fluids which include shear thinning polymers, liquid-solid suspensions, liquid-liquid colloids and liquid-surfactant solutions. They will be tested to understand the bulk engineering behaviour as well as detailed instantaneous velocity, Reynolds stresses and turbulent fluid structures. The experiments will be performed using laser and optical diagnostic tools such as phase Doppler particle anemometry (PDPA or PDA), laser Doppler anemometry (LDA), particle image velocimetry and high speed photography and image processing. The well controlled experiments will provide a wealth of exciting and interesting novel results. These results will be useful for fundamental understanding of complex fluids in turbulent flows and will be immediately useful in Canada's energy industry which regularly requires detailed understanding of multiphase and non-Newtonian physics. This will be applicable to drilling, hydrodynamic fracking, slurry transport and wear and waste fluid handling. In this proposed program I follow lines of previous success with experiments on drag reducing polymers and multiphase mixtures to cover fluids with even greater physical complexity. Then I will investigate psuedoplastic yield power law fluids with emphasis on understanding the turbulent stresses in the near wall region and how complex stress-strain relationships affect flow structure and form. The outcomes will be 1) Parametric mapping of flow regimes for bubbly injection in crossflow with focus on the effect of non-Newtonian fluids. 2) Turbulent drag characterization in yield power law fluids additives and suspended particles typical in industrial flows; testing of fluids with rheology dependent on control parameters such as temperature 3) fabrication of a unique long aspect ratio flow rig to fully explore qualitative and quantitative flow regimes in vertical, horizontal and tilted concentric cylinder geometry with both rotation and co-flow. Experiments will all be informed by my industry collaborations and be shared in journals and engineering reports. This program will have both fundamental and applied value.