A 12-element Phased-array High Frequency Surface Wave Radar for Ocean Remote Sensing

由于高频（HF，3-30 MHz）信号与重力引起的海洋波场之间的强相互作用，高频表面波雷达（HFSWR）已经成为测量海洋表面流、风和波场以及检测硬目标（例如，船只和冰山），距离雷达站100公里。HFSWR收集的实时海面信息对于确保人类日常海洋活动（例如，运输、海上石油和天然气勘探）。 该NSERC RTI申请寻求资金，从Helzel GmbH（德国雷达供应商）购买12元件相控阵HFSWR WERA（WavE RAdar）系统，以支持纽芬兰纪念大学（MUN）雷达遥感实验室（RRSL）的海洋遥感研究。从Helzel GmbH采购HFSWR将允许与申请人的NSERC DG计划相关的以下研究：1）需要使用两个单基地HFSWR以产生海洋表面流、明确的风和定向波参数和谱的二维矢量速度信息的研究。2)测量获得的双基地配置中，发射机（TX）和接收机（RX）不共处一地，以验证基本的双基地雷达截面的海洋开发。3)从单基地和双基地高频地波雷达中提取海面信息的时域模型研究。4)高海况下高频地波雷达信号散射的单基地和双基地模型的验证。 拟议的系统不仅对申请者的研究举措是必要的，而且对工业界和学术界的其他用户在海洋监测、海上搜索和救援以及物理海洋学方面的研究和开发工作也是必要的。获得所提出的系统将显着提高新的横截面模型和反演算法的整体质量进行开发，使丰富的实验验证。获得双基地高频地波雷达将有助于该小组的研究，该研究有可能在降低大面积定向海流、风和波浪测量的成本方面带来重大好处，并为今后的理论工作和高频地波雷达遥感产品的开发提供基础。这一拟议中的HFSWR系统将有助于创造一个世界领先的平等、多样化和包容性的培训环境，以吸引高素质人才（HQP），并为他们提供宝贵的理论和实践机会。在这一研究方案期间培训的人员无疑将提高加拿大在海洋遥感方面的研究与发展能力和专门知识，并将通过转让他们的市场技能，为加拿大的其他高科技工业，如通信和国防作出贡献。

Due to the strong interactions between the high-frequency (HF, 3-30 MHz) signal and the gravitationally-induced ocean wave field, high frequency surface wave radar (HFSWR) has been an important tool for measuring sea surface current, wind and wave fields, and detecting hard targets (e.g., ships and icebergs) at distances of up to 100 km from the radar site. Real-time sea surface information collected by HFSWR is extremely critical in securing daily human marine activities (e.g., transportation, offshore oil & gas exploration). This NSERC RTI application seeks funding to purchase a 12-element phased-array HFSWR WERA (WavE RAdar) system from Helzel GmbH (a German radar supplier) to support ocean remote sensing research at the Radar Remote Sensing Lab (RRSL) at Memorial University of Newfoundland (MUN). The procurement of an HFSWR from Helzel GmbH will permit the following research associated with the NSERC DG programmes of the applicants: 1) research requiring the use of two monostatic HFSWRs to produce two-dimensional vector velocity information for ocean surface current, unambiguous wind, and directional wave parameters and spectra. 2) measurements obtained from a bistatic configuration in which the transmitter (TX) and receiver (RX) are not co-located to validate the fundamental bistatic radar cross sections of the ocean developed. 3) investigation into time-domain models for sea surface information extraction from both monostatic and bistatic HFSWRs. 4) validation of monostatic and bistatic models for the scattering of HFSWR signals at high sea states. The proposed system will be necessary, not only for the applicants' research initiatives, but for other users from industry and academia in their research and development efforts associated with ocean monitoring, search and rescue at sea, and physical oceanography. Acquiring the proposed system will significantly improve the overall quality of the new cross section models and inversion algorithms to be developed by enabling abundant experimental validation. Access to a bistatic HFSWR will facilitate the team's research that has the potential to bring major benefits in reducing the costs of directional ocean current, wind and wave measurements over large areas and to provide the basis for future theoretical work and development of HFSWR remote sensing products. This proposed HFSWR system will help create a world-leading equal, diverse and inclusive training environment to attract highly qualified personnel (HQP) and provide valuable theoretical and hands-on opportunities to them. The personnel trained during this research program will no doubt enhance Canada's R&D capability and expertise in ocean remote sensing, and will also contribute to other high-tech Canadian industries, such as communications and defence, via the transfer of their marketable skills.