Green Surface Washing for the Cleanup of Oiled Shoreline in the Complicated Environment

海洋石油泄漏仍然是石油工业、监管机构和公众关注的主要环境问题。当泄漏的石油到达海岸时，它会破坏沿海生态系统，并通过扰乱生存、商业和娱乐活动和资源造成社会经济影响。一旦上岸，油污清理工作既昂贵又耗时。海岸带修复方法包括物理清除、沉积物迁移和生物修复等。然而，与日益增加的海洋溢油污染压力相比，目前仍缺乏有效的溢油应急措施。表面清洗剂可以通过改变油的流变特性或油/水相之间的界面特性来加速搁浅油的去除。然而，在清理之前，受影响的海岸线上各种基质成分的石油的命运和运输仍然不清楚；目前还没有能够有效清除海岸线油污的绿色表面清洗剂；对于在复杂环境下实施绿色表面清洗剂，也缺乏岸线油污响应指南。该项目的目的是开发绿色表面清洗方法，以支持溢油响应。具体而言，拟建项目包括以下四项任务：(i)多种沉积物组分的海岸线石油运输特征；（ii）绿色功能清洗剂的开发；（iii）绿色功能清洗液增强除油性能评估；（iv）复杂环境下应用的工艺优化和实践指南。拟议的项目代表了在石油泄漏应对方面超越现有方法的创新努力的整合。在本项目中，将开发一种新型的绿色海岸线表面冲洗技术来处理受溢油影响的海岸线。使用环境友好、低成本的绿色功能性洗液为溢油治理提供了一个全新的理论，可能为未来可持续溢油应对策略的发展提供一个独特的方向。此外，该研究还有助于揭示岸线基质中原油运移和冲刷过程中原油去除的新机制。这些清洗技术可用于处理各种海岸线油污情况，并生成所需的污染控制计划。该项目将通过提供有关使用绿色表面清洗剂的科学证据，促进伙伴之间的合作和政策实施。通过这一倡议开发的技术将使加拿大受益，因为它提供了符合各种社会、经济和环境标准的减轻溢油风险的有效办法。在这个为期五年的项目中，卫生服务人员将接受培训，以处理泄漏反应问题。

Marine oil spills continue to be a major environmental concern to the petroleum industry, regulators and the public. When the spilled oil reaches coast, it can damage the coastal ecosystems and cause socioeconomic impacts by disrupting subsistence, commercial and recreational activities and resources. Once on shore, oil cleanup operations can be expensive and time consuming. Some coastal remediation methods including physical removal, sediment relocation, and bioremediation have been studied. However, in comparison with the increasing pressure of marine oil spill pollution, there is still a lack of effective initiatives for oil spill response. Surface washing agents can be used to accelerate the removal of stranded oil by altering the rheological properties of oil or the interfacial properties between oil/water phases. However, the fate and transport of oil in the impacted shorelines with various substrate components before cleanup are still not clear; the green surface washing agents for efficient oil removal from shoreline are not available; there is also a lack of shoreline oil response guide for the implementation of green surface washing agents in the complicated environment. The objective of this project is to develop the green surface washing methods for supporting oil spill response. In detail, the proposed project involves the following four tasks: (i) characterization of oil transport in the shoreline with multiple sediment components, (ii) development of green functional washing agents, (iii) performance assessment of green functional washing fluid for enhanced oil removal, and (iv) process optimization and practice guide for applications in the complicated environment. The proposed project represents an integration of innovative efforts beyond established approaches in oil spill response. In this project, a novel green shoreline surface washing technique will be developed to treat the shoreline impacted by spilled oil. The use of environment-friendly and low-cost green functional washing fluid addresses a completely new theory for oil spill control and it may provide a unique direction for the future development of sustainable oil spill response strategy. Moreover, the study can help reveal the new mechanism of oil transport in the shoreline substrates and oil removal in washing process. These washing technologies can be used to deal with various shoreline oiling scenarios, and generate desired pollution control plans. The project will facilitate inter-partner collaboration and policy delivery through provision of a scientific proof regarding the use of green surface washing agents. Technologies developed through this initiative will benefit Canada by providing efficient approaches for oil spill risk mitigation subject to various social, economic and environmental criteria. The HQPs will be trained for tackling spill response problems during this five-year project.