Advanced two-dimensional braided composite materials for industrial applications using renewable resources: manufacturing, testing and modeling

复合材料的生产和使用是一个价值数十亿美元的行业，由于其轻便、高机械性能、耐环境以及重要的能源和材料节约，使许多领域(航空航天、汽车、生物医学、民用)发生了革命性的变化。辫子是最古老的纺织品之一。最近，高端行业已经探索或正在使用编织复合材料作为产品和部件开发的一种可能选择。编织复合材料是一种用途广泛的材料，具有很强的适应性。与其他复合材料制造工艺相比，编织复合材料的普及速度相对较慢。与编织一样通用的制造技术在开发和使用先进的编织复合材料时伴随着大量的考虑因素和复杂性：制造质量，全面了解其在复杂和疲劳载荷下的性能和行为，并因此预测其性能。对于那些对考虑编织复合材料感兴趣的人来说，系统的总体成本和所需的研究往往使其成为一种投资回报低或缓慢的解决方案。然而，如果这些挑战在配备了最先进设备的研究设施中成功解决，编织可以成为非常广泛的板材行业先进制造的主食。编织材料和其他复合材料面临的第二个更广泛的挑战是它们对环境的影响。已经做出了许多努力，以转向使用农业废物产品的更环保的复合材料；艾伯塔省拥有丰富的此类农业废物材料来源，可能使该行业受益。我的复合材料研究计划的长期目标是更好地了解主要是二维编织复合材料的行为和生产，最大限度地减少它们对环境的影响，以及将我们的相关发现转化为工业。在过去的10年里，我们在多用途复合材料集团的团队在应对编织复合材料制造、机械测试和机械性能预测方面取得了重大进展。这项NSERC发现奖助金计划建立在以前资助的成功基础上，将培训至少16名HQP，旨在短期内解决以下挑战：1.为可以利用艾伯塔省农业废物制造的绿色辫子开发完整的生命周期分析。2.提高以纱线加捻为重点的编织复合材料成品和制造工艺的质量。3.通过实验确定编织复合材料在复杂和疲劳载荷以及热效应作用下的行为。4.根据精确测量的几何形状，开发新的模型，以更好地预测力学性能，包括疲劳行为和风化效应。

Composite materials production and use constitute a multi-billion-dollar industry having revolutionized a number of fields (aerospace, automotive, biomedical, civil) due to their lightweight, high mechanical performance, environmental resistance, and important energy and material savings. Braids are one of the oldest textiles. Recently, high end industries, have explored, or are using, braided composite materials as one possible option in product and component development. Braided composites are very versatile materials, highly adaptable to a number of applications. The uptake of braided composites has been relatively slow compared to other composite material manufacturing processes. A manufacturing technique that is as versatile as braiding comes with a large number of considerations and complexities in developing and using advanced braided composite material: quality of manufacturing, comprehensive understanding of their properties and behaviour under complex and fatigue loading, and as a result, predicting their properties. For those interested in considering braided composites, the overall costs of the systems and the research required, often makes it a low or slow return on investment solution. However, if these challenges are successfully addressed in a state-of-the-art equipped research facility, braiding can become a staple of advanced manufacturing for a very board range of industries. A second broader challenge with braided, and other composite materials, is their environmental impact. There have been a number of efforts to shift to more environmentally friendly composites using agricultural waste products; Alberta is rich in such sources of agricultural waste materials that could benefit the industry. My research program's long-term goal in composite materials focuses on better understanding the behaviour and production of primarily two-dimensional braided composite materials and minimizing their impact on the environment, as well as translating our related discoveries to industry. In the past 10 years, our group at the Multipurpose Composite Group, has been making significant headway in meeting the braided composite manufacturing, mechanical testing, and mechanical property prediction challenges. This NSERC Discovery Grant proposal, which builds on the successes of previous grants, and will train at least 16 HQP, aims to address in the short term, the following challenges: 1. To develop a complete life cycle analysis for green braids that could be manufactured using Albertan agricultural waste. 2. To improve the quality of the manufacturing process and braided composite end product focusing on yarn twist. 3. To experimentally determining the behaviour of braided composites under complex and fatigue loading scenarios as well as thermal effects. 4. To develop new models, based on accurately measured geometry, to better predict mechanical properties including fatigue behaviour and weathering effects.