Programmable quantum simulators based on 2D materials

量子科学与技术领域专注于量子模拟，致力于开发新的量子系统和硬件，以实现在不同时间和能量尺度上理解和控制复杂量子多体系统的新方法。“基于2D材料的可编程量子模拟器”(PQS2D)将建造一台专门的量子机器--量子模拟器--用于可控地模拟量子系统的复杂行为。可编程器件将在基于2D材料的新兴硬件平台上实现，其中相互作用元素的人工晶格将由莫尔异质结构和门控量子点(原子和静电定义)表示。作为一个交叉主题，PQS2D还将开发大面积高质量的2D材料和理论模型来理解它们。PQS2D有可能解决物质的量子相(相关绝缘体、超导体、维格纳晶体、拓扑相、自旋液体、磁性等)的一系列重要悬而未决的问题。除了基础科学之外，模拟器还可以影响技术发展，例如通过了解高温超导的起源或优化用于电子和光电子应用的量子材料(半导体、磁铁、铁电、拓扑材料)的性能。PQS2D是一个由三个加拿大量子中心(9个研究小组，5所大学)与四个合作伙伴密切合作的大型项目，将在培训下一代量子劳动力的同时支持量子模拟平台的开发。

The field of quantum science and technology focusing specifically on quantum simulation deals with the development of novel quantum systems and hardware to realize new approaches to understanding and controlling complex quantum many-body systems on different time and energy scales. "Programmable quantum simulators based on 2D materials" (PQS2D) will build a specialized quantum machine - a quantum simulator - for controllably emulating the complex behavior of quantum systems. Programable devices will be implemented in an emerging hardware platform based on 2D materials, where artificial lattices of interacting elements will be represented by moiré heterostructures and gated quantum dots (atomistic and electrostatically defined). As a cross-cutting theme PQS2D will also develop large-area high-quality 2D materials and theoretical models to understand them. PQS2D has the potential to solve a broad range of important outstanding problems on quantum phases of matter (correlated insulators, superconductors, Wigner crystals, topological phases, spin liquids, magnetism, etc.). Beyond the fundamental science, simulators can impact technology development for example by understanding the origin of high-temperature superconductivity or optimizing the performance of quantum materials (semiconductors, magnets, ferroelectrics, topological materials) for applications in electronics and optoelectronics. PQS2D is a large-scale project coordinated among three Canadian quantum hubs (9 research groups, 5 universities) working closely with four partners that will support the development of a quantum simulating platform while training the next generation quantum workforce.