EAGER: Quantum Manufacturing: Building In-Operando Quantum Emitters and Simulators with Dynamically Tunable Moire Interfaces

这项探索性研究（EAGER）早期概念补助金支持开发和实施用于量子计算和量子网络的研究平台。它的重点是在一个新的材料平台上研究和实现量子比特（量子位）：原子薄过渡金属二硫族化合物的超晶格。在这些材料中，当一层相对于另一层旋转，然后堆叠在其上时，就形成了一个超晶格，它可以作为实现二维量子点或量子比特阵列的平台，可用于量子通信或量子模拟。这些量子点可以进行光学读出，然而，这项拨款解决的一个挑战是，这些量子点之间的间隔很近，很难单独处理它们。该项目实现了一个平台，该平台结合了通过层间扭转角旋转控制超晶格的能力和近场扫描光学探头来解决单个量子点的问题，展示了一种独特的可扩展方法来合成大型量子比特阵列。该项目通过支持博士学员，为当地NSF培训计划的参与者提供实习机会，并为本科生提供参与机会，在培养多样化的量子劳动力方面发挥着重要作用。为了实现量子计算和通信的前景，必须制造高质量的、按需的单光子发射器，这种发射器可以直接耦合到量子位。除了耦合之外，这些发射器应该能够有效地读出，以便在不同的量子节点之间传输量子信息。二维半导体的波纹超晶格，如过渡金属二硫化物，具有独特的能力，有利于解决这些挑战。在摩尔超晶格中，晶格的周期性排列和错位产生了一组光学活性量子点，这些量子点拥有单个发射器。这些发射器存在于平面晶体中，不依赖于晶体缺陷，具有可扩展性、电可调性和优化的光子提取效率等优点。本课题开发了一种通过动态控制层扭角来制造涡流量子点阵列的方法，并通过近场光学读出有效地定位单个量子点。该量子制造平台的成功演示将微波发射器定位为单光子发射器和光量子模拟器的理想系统。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

This EArly-concept Grants for Exploratory Research (EAGER) award supports the development and implementation of a research platform for use in quantum computing and quantum networking. It focuses on studying and realizing quantum bits (qubits) in a new materials platform: superlattices of atomically thin transition metal dichalcogenides. In these materials, when one layer is rotated relative to another and then stacked on top of it, a superlattice is formed, which can act as a platform for realizing a 2-dimensional array of quantum dots or qubits that could be used in quantum communication or for quantum simulations. These quantum dots are amenable to optical readout, however, a challenge this grant addresses is that the dots are closely spaced, making it hard to address them individually. This project realizes a platform that combines the ability to control the superlattice through rotation of interlayer twist angle with a near-field scanning optical probe to address individual quantum dots, demonstrating a uniquely scalable approach to synthesizing large arrays of qubits. This project serves an important role of training a diverse quantum workforce through its support of PhD trainees, through providing internship opportunities for participants in local NSF traineeship programs, and through opening opportunities for undergraduate involvement.To fulfill the promise of quantum-enabled computing and communications, it is imperative to manufacture high quality, on-demand single photon emitters that can be directly coupled to qubits. Beyond the coupling, these emitters should be amenable to efficient read-out to enable transfer of quantum information between disparate quantum nodes. Moiré superlattices of 2D semiconductors, such as transition metal dichalcogenide, feature unique capabilities beneficial for addressing these challenges. In a moiré superlattice, the periodic alignment and misalignment of crystal lattices produces an array of optically active quantum dots which host single emitters. These emitters exist in a planar crystal and do not rely on crystal defects, giving the advantage of scalability, electrical tunability, and optimized photon extraction efficiency. This project develops an approach to manufacture moiré quantum dot arrays by dynamic control of the layer twist-angle and efficiently address individual dots via near-field optical read-out. A successful demonstration of this quantum manufacturing platform positions moiré emitters as ideal systems for single photon emitters and optical quantum simulators.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.