Epidemiology of restless legs syndrome: a synthesis of the literature.
Epidemiology of restless legs syndrome: a synthesis of the literature.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.smrv.2011.05.002
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发表时间：
2012-08
影响因子：
10.5
通讯作者：
Vitiello MV
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ohayon MM;O'Hara R;Vitiello MV
不宁腿综合征（RLS）近年来获得了相当大的关注：近50个社区为基础的研究已在世界各地发表在过去的十年。1995年制定了严格的诊断标准，并于2003年对其进行了修订，这有助于激发对该综合征的研究兴趣。在基于社区的调查中，RLS被研究为：（1）仅为症状，（2）符合IRLSSG最低诊断标准的一组症状，（3）符合最低标准并伴有特定频率和/或严重程度，以及（4）鉴别诊断。在第一种情况下，一般成人人群的患病率估计值为9.4%至15%。在第二种情况下，患病率范围为3.9%至14.3%。当加上频率/严重程度时，患病率范围为2.2%至7.9%，当应用鉴别诊断时，患病率估计值为1.9%至4.6%。在所有情况下，RLS在女性中的患病率高于男性。在欧洲和北美国家，它也随着年龄的增长而增加，但在亚洲国家则不然。焦虑和抑郁症状一直与RLS相关。总体而言，RLS患者的健康状况比非RLS患者差，但特定疾病相关性的证据是混合的。未来的流行病学研究应集中在系统地增加频率和严重程度的综合征的定义，以尽量减少模仿RLS的情况下纳入。
Restless legs syndrome (RLS) has gained considerable attention in the recent years: nearly 50 community-based studies have been published in the last decade around the world. The development of strict diagnostic criteria in 1995 and their revision in 2003 helped to stimulate research interest on this syndrome. In community-based surveys, RLS has been studied as: (1) a symptom only, (2) a set of symptoms meeting minimal diagnostic criteria of the IRLSSG, (3) meeting minimal criteria accompanied with a specific frequency and/or severity, and (4) a differential diagnosis. In the first case, prevalence estimates in the general adult population ranged from 9.4% to 15%. In the second case, prevalence ranged from 3.9% to 14.3%. When frequency/severity is added, prevalence ranged from 2.2% to 7.9% and when differential diagnosis is applied prevalence estimates are between 1.9% and 4.6%. In all instances, RLS prevalence is higher in women than in men. It also increases with age in European and North American countries but not in Asian countries. Symptoms of anxiety and depression have been consistently associated with RLS. Overall, individuals with RLS have a poorer health than non-RLS but evidence for specific disease associations is mixed. Future epidemiological studies should focus on systematically adding frequency and severity in the definition of the syndrome in order to minimize the inclusion of cases mimicking RLS.
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