Managing the health effects of temperature in response to climate change: challenges ahead.
Managing the health effects of temperature in response to climate change: challenges ahead.
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DOI：
10.1289/ehp.1206025
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发表时间：
2013-04
影响因子：
10.4
通讯作者：
Tong S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Huang C;Barnett AG;Xu Z;Chu C;Wang X;Turner LR;Tong S
背景：尽管许多研究表明高温与死亡率和发病风险增加有关，但很少有研究涉及管理有计划的适应过程以减轻高温事件和气候变化对健康的影响。特别是，科学文献和公共政策讨论中基本上没有对公共卫生适应策略进行经济评估。目标：我们研究了公共卫生组织应如何实施适应战略，其次，我们研究了如何改善为保护公众健康免受高温事件和气候变化影响的政策提供经济论证所需的证据基础。讨论：应对高温事件和气候变化的公共卫生适应策略分为两类：减少热暴露和管理健康风险。战略需要采取一系列行动，包括及时的公共卫生和医疗建议、改善住房和城市规划、预警系统以及确保医疗保健和社会系统做好采取行动的准备。其中一些行动成本高昂，鉴于财政资源稀缺，实施应基于成本效益分析。因此，不仅需要研究与温度相关的健康成本，还需要研究适应方案的成本和效益。科学界必须确保气候变化政策对健康的协同效益得到认识、理解和量化。结论：需要将气候变化适应纳入当前的公共卫生实践，以确保适应策略增强未来的抵御能力。与温度相关的健康成本和公共卫生适应策略的经济评估对于政策决策尤为重要。
Background: Although many studies have shown that high temperatures are associated with an increased risk of mortality and morbidity, there has been little research on managing the process of planned adaptation to alleviate the health effects of heat events and climate change. In particular, economic evaluation of public health adaptation strategies has been largely absent from both the scientific literature and public policy discussion. Objectives: We examined how public health organizations should implement adaptation strategies and, second, how to improve the evidence base required to make an economic case for policies that will protect the public’s health from heat events and climate change. Discussion: Public health adaptation strategies to cope with heat events and climate change fall into two categories: reducing the heat exposure and managing the health risks. Strategies require a range of actions, including timely public health and medical advice, improvements to housing and urban planning, early warning systems, and assurance that health care and social systems are ready to act. Some of these actions are costly, and given scarce financial resources the implementation should be based on the cost-effectiveness analysis. Therefore, research is required not only on the temperature-related health costs, but also on the costs and benefits of adaptation options. The scientific community must ensure that the health co-benefits of climate change policies are recognized, understood, and quantified. Conclusions: The integration of climate change adaptation into current public health practice is needed to ensure the adaptation strategies increase future resilience. The economic evaluation of temperature-related health costs and public health adaptation strategies are particularly important for policy decisions.
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影响因子：
9.7
作者：
Knowlton, Kim;Rotkin-Ellman, Miriam;Solomon, Gina M.
通讯作者：
Solomon, Gina M.
DOI：
10.3390/ijerph6020759
发表时间：
2009-02
影响因子：
--
作者：
Markandya A;Chiabai A
通讯作者：
Chiabai A
影响因子：
10.4
作者：
Anderson GB;Bell ML
通讯作者：
Bell ML
影响因子：
5
作者：
Analitis, A.;Katsouyanni, K.;Michelozzi, P.
通讯作者：
Michelozzi, P.
影响因子：
30.7
作者：
Huang, Cunrui;Barnett, Adrian G.;Tong, Shilu
通讯作者：
Tong, Shilu