Origin and history of mitochondrial DNA lineages in domestic horses.
Origin and history of mitochondrial DNA lineages in domestic horses.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0015311
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发表时间：
2010-12-20
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Ludwig A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cieslak M;Pruvost M;Benecke N;Hofreiter M;Morales A;Reissmann M;Ludwig A
家马代表了一个遗传悖论：虽然它们拥有所有家养物种中最多的母系（mtDNA），但它们的父系在Y染色体上非常同质。为了解决其巨大的线粒体DNA变异和母系血统的起源和历史在国内马，我们分析了1961部分d-环序列从207个古代遗骸和1754现代马。样本集的范围从阿拉斯加和东北西伯利亚到伊比利亚半岛，从晚更新世到现代。我们发现了一个从阿拉斯加到比利牛斯山的晚更新世全混合马种群。之后，在全新世早期和铜器时代，欧亚草原地区和伊比利亚地区或多或少地出现了分离的亚种群。我们的数据表明，特别是在铁器时代的女性多驯化和渗入。虽然所有欧亚地区都对现代品种的遗传谱系做出了贡献，但大多数单倍型都起源于东欧和西伯利亚。我们发现了87个古老的单倍型（更新世到中世纪）;这些单倍型中的56个也在家养马中观察到，尽管到目前为止只有39个单倍型被证实在现代品种中存活。因此，在过去的5,500年中，至少有17种早期家养马的单倍型已经灭绝。它的结论是大量的mtDNA谱系的多样性不是动物育种的产物，但事实上，代表祖先的变异。
Domestic horses represent a genetic paradox: although they have the greatest number of maternal lineages (mtDNA) of all domestic species, their paternal lineages are extremely homogeneous on the Y-chromosome. In order to address their huge mtDNA variation and the origin and history of maternal lineages in domestic horses, we analyzed 1961 partial d-loop sequences from 207 ancient remains and 1754 modern horses. The sample set ranged from Alaska and North East Siberia to the Iberian Peninsula and from the Late Pleistocene to modern times. We found a panmictic Late Pleistocene horse population ranging from Alaska to the Pyrenees. Later, during the Early Holocene and the Copper Age, more or less separated sub-populations are indicated for the Eurasian steppe region and Iberia. Our data suggest multiple domestications and introgressions of females especially during the Iron Age. Although all Eurasian regions contributed to the genetic pedigree of modern breeds, most haplotypes had their roots in Eastern Europe and Siberia. We found 87 ancient haplotypes (Pleistocene to Mediaeval Times); 56 of these haplotypes were also observed in domestic horses, although thus far only 39 haplotypes have been confirmed to survive in modern breeds. Thus, at least seventeen haplotypes of early domestic horses have become extinct during the last 5,500 years. It is concluded that the large diversity of mtDNA lineages is not a product of animal breeding but, in fact, represents ancestral variability.
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.152330099
发表时间：
2002-08-06
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Jansen, T;Forster, P;Olek, K
通讯作者：
Olek, K
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Naderi S;Rezaei HR;Taberlet P;Zundel S;Rafat SA;Naghash HR;el-Barody MA;Ertugrul O;Pompanon F;Econogene Consortium
通讯作者：
Econogene Consortium
影响因子：
3.1
作者：
Ling, Yinghui;Ma, Yuehui;Mahmut, Halik
通讯作者：
Mahmut, Halik
影响因子：
56.9
作者：
Savolainen, P;Zhang, YP;Leitner, T
通讯作者：
Leitner, T
DOI：
10.1126/science.1172750
发表时间：
2009-04-24
期刊：
Science (New York, N.Y.)
影响因子：
--
作者：
Ludwig A;Pruvost M;Reissmann M;Benecke N;Brockmann GA;Castaños P;Cieslak M;Lippold S;Llorente L;Malaspinas AS;Slatkin M;Hofreiter M
通讯作者：
Hofreiter M