The geometric preference subtype in ASD: identifying a consistent, early-emerging phenomenon through eye tracking.
The geometric preference subtype in ASD: identifying a consistent, early-emerging phenomenon through eye tracking.
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DOI：
10.1186/s13229-018-0202-z
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发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
6.2
通讯作者：
Pierce K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Moore A;Wozniak M;Yousef A;Barnes CC;Cha D;Courchesne E;Pierce K
ASD的能力和残疾的广泛范围创造了对将表型异质性解析为有意义的亚型的工具的需求。使用眼球跟踪，我们过去的研究表明，当看到社交和几何图像时，一部分ASD幼儿更喜欢观看几何图像，这些幼儿的症状严重程度也比ASD幼儿更严重，社交关注度更高。这项研究测试了这种“GeoPref测试”效应是否适用于不同的社会刺激。227名幼儿(76名自闭症儿童)观看了一段由90名S制作的视频，名为Complex Social GeoPref测试，内容是动态几何图像与儿童互动和移动的社交图像配对。计算两幅图像的视觉注视时间和每秒扫视次数的比例。为了进行跨范式比较，126名学步儿童的子组还参加了最初的GeoPref测试。收集了认知和社会功能的测量(MSEL、ADOS、VABs)，并与眼球跟踪数据相关。为了检验作为ASD幼儿诊断指标的实用性，仅针对复杂的Social GeoPref测试以及与原始GeoPref测试结合时计算了验证统计数据(例如，灵敏度、特异度、ROC、AUC)。与任何其他诊断组相比，ASD学步儿童查看几何图像的时间要长得多。参加这两项测试的ASD幼儿的注视模式显示了显著的相关性，支持了这些测试识别出一个表型有意义的ASD亚组的想法。结合使用原始和复杂的Social GeoPref测试，确定了大约1/3的ASD幼儿来自“GeoPref”亚型(敏感度35%，特异度94%，AUC 0.75)。重复我们之前的研究，看几何图像的时间越长，ADOS症状的严重性就越大。不管使用的社交图片有多复杂(在原始的GeoPref测试中是低的，在新的复杂的Social GeoPref测试中是高的)，幼儿的眼睛跟踪可以准确地识别症状严重程度较高的特定ASD“GeoPref”亚型。GeoPref测试可在单个受试者水平上预测ASD，因此可用于各种临床应用(例如，早期识别、预后或开发特定亚型的治疗)。本文的在线版本(10.1186/s13229-0180202-z)包含补充材料，授权用户可以使用。
The wide range of ability and disability in ASD creates a need for tools that parse the phenotypic heterogeneity into meaningful subtypes. Using eye tracking, our past studies revealed that when presented with social and geometric images, a subset of ASD toddlers preferred viewing geometric images, and these toddlers also had greater symptom severity than ASD toddlers with greater social attention. This study tests whether this “GeoPref test” effect would generalize across different social stimuli. Two hundred and twenty-seven toddlers (76 ASD) watched a 90-s video, the Complex Social GeoPref test, of dynamic geometric images paired with social images of children interacting and moving. Proportion of visual fixation time and number of saccades per second to both images were calculated. To allow for cross-paradigm comparisons, a subset of 126 toddlers also participated in the original GeoPref test. Measures of cognitive and social functioning (MSEL, ADOS, VABS) were collected and related to eye tracking data. To examine utility as a diagnostic indicator to detect ASD toddlers, validation statistics (e.g., sensitivity, specificity, ROC, AUC) were calculated for the Complex Social GeoPref test alone and when combined with the original GeoPref test. ASD toddlers spent a significantly greater amount of time viewing geometric images than any other diagnostic group. Fixation patterns from ASD toddlers who participated in both tests revealed a significant correlation, supporting the idea that these tests identify a phenotypically meaningful ASD subgroup. Combined use of both original and Complex Social GeoPref tests identified a subgroup of about 1 in 3 ASD toddlers from the “GeoPref” subtype (sensitivity 35%, specificity 94%, AUC 0.75.) Replicating our previous studies, more time looking at geometric images was associated with significantly greater ADOS symptom severity. Regardless of the complexity of the social images used (low in the original GeoPref test vs high in the new Complex Social GeoPref test), eye tracking of toddlers can accurately identify a specific ASD “GeoPref” subtype with elevated symptom severity. The GeoPref tests are predictive of ASD at the individual subject level and thus potentially useful for various clinical applications (e.g., early identification, prognosis, or development of subtype-specific treatments). The online version of this article (10.1186/s13229-018-0202-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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影响因子：
3.8
作者：
Bicks LK;Koike H;Akbarian S;Morishita H
通讯作者：
Morishita H
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Bedford R;Pickles A;Gliga T;Elsabbagh M;Charman T;Johnson MH;BASIS Team
通讯作者：
BASIS Team
影响因子：
5.2
作者：
Bal, Vanessa Hus;Kim, So-Hyun;Lord, Catherine
通讯作者：
Lord, Catherine
影响因子：
4.7
作者：
Goldani AA;Downs SR;Widjaja F;Lawton B;Hendren RL
通讯作者：
Hendren RL
DOI：
10.1016/j.jaac.2012.08.018
发表时间：
2012-11
影响因子：
13.3
作者：
Dawson G;Jones EJ;Merkle K;Venema K;Lowy R;Faja S;Kamara D;Murias M;Greenson J;Winter J;Smith M;Rogers SJ;Webb SJ
通讯作者：
Webb SJ