Learning by Insight-Like Sudden Comprehension as a Potential Strategy to Improve Memory Encoding in Older Adults.
Learning by Insight-Like Sudden Comprehension as a Potential Strategy to Improve Memory Encoding in Older Adults.
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通过洞察力突然理解学习，作为改善老年人记忆编码的潜在策略。
DOI：
10.3389/fnagi.2021.661346
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Schott BH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kizilirmak JM;Fischer L;Krause J;Soch J;Richter A;Schott BH
随着年龄的增长，一些认知功能表现出衰退，最突出的是情景记忆。通过洞察力解决问题代表了解决问题的一种特殊联想形式，此前已被证明可以促进长期记忆的形成。最近的神经影像学证据表明，参与基于洞察力的记忆形成的编码网络在很大程度上是独立于大脑的。这可能是老年人的一个潜在优势，因为海马体是最早出现与年龄相关的体积损失和功能障碍的大脑结构之一。在这里，我们调查了与年轻人（19-28岁）相比，健康老年人（60-79岁）通过洞察力学习的潜在有益影响。为此，我们比较了两个年龄组的口头谜语编码偶然通过诱导顿悟般的突然理解的后期记忆表现。我们采用了一种变体的复合远程联想任务（CRAT）的偶然编码，在此期间，参与者被指示判断项目的可解性。在24小时延迟惊喜记忆测试中，参与者试图解决以前遇到的项目，并额外进行了识别记忆测试。在这项测试中，老年人正确解决了相同比例的新CRA项目相比，年轻人和两个年龄组报告了类似的频率啊哈！经验虽然年轻参与者的整体记忆表现更好（正确解决和正确识别旧CRA项目的比例更高），但老年参与者对CRA项目的后期识别记忆表现出更强的顿悟式突然理解的有益影响。我们的研究结果表明，通过顿悟学习可能是一种有前途的方法，以改善老年人的记忆功能。
Several cognitive functions show a decline with advanced age, most prominently episodic memory. Problem-solving by insight represents a special associative form of problem-solving that has previously been shown to facilitate long-term memory formation. Recent neuroimaging evidence suggests that the encoding network involved in insight-based memory formation is largely hippocampus-independent. This may represent a potential advantage in older adults, as the hippocampus is one of the earliest brain structures to show age-related volume loss and functional impairment. Here, we investigated the potential beneficial effects of learning by insight in healthy older (60–79 years) compared to young adults (19–28 years). To this end, we compared later memory performance for verbal riddles encoded incidentally via induced insight-like sudden comprehension in both age groups. We employed a variant of the Compound Remote Associate Task (CRAT) for incidental encoding, during which participants were instructed to judge the solvability of items. In a 24-h delayed surprise memory test, participants attempted to solve previously encountered items and additionally performed a recognition memory test. During this test, older adults correctly solved an equal proportion of new CRA items compared to young adults and both age groups reported a similar frequency of Aha! experiences. While overall memory performance was better in young participants (higher proportion of correctly solved and correctly recognized old CRA items), older participants exhibited a stronger beneficial effect of insight-like sudden comprehension on later recognition memory for CRA items. Our results suggest that learning via insight might constitute a promising approach to improve memory function in old age.
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影响因子：
3.8
作者：
Danek AH;Fraps T;von Müller A;Grothe B;Öllinger M
通讯作者：
Öllinger M
DOI：
10.1523/jneurosci.3252-09.2009
发表时间：
2009-12-02
期刊：
The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience
影响因子：
--
作者：
Fjell AM;Walhovd KB;Fennema-Notestine C;McEvoy LK;Hagler DJ;Holland D;Brewer JB;Dale AM
通讯作者：
Dale AM
那虚假见解呢？解构aha！沿其多个维度经验，以分别以正确和不正确的解决方案。
影响因子：
3.8
作者：
Danek AH;Wiley J
通讯作者：
Wiley J
影响因子：
3
作者：
Brod G;Werkle-Bergner M;Shing YL
通讯作者：
Shing YL
影响因子：
3.4
作者：
Danek, Amory H.;Wiley, Jennifer
通讯作者：
Wiley, Jennifer