Excessive discounting of delayed reinforcers as a trans-disease process contributing to addiction and other disease-related vulnerabilities: emerging evidence.
Excessive discounting of delayed reinforcers as a trans-disease process contributing to addiction and other disease-related vulnerabilities: emerging evidence.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.pharmthera.2012.02.004
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发表时间：
2012-06
影响因子：
13.5
通讯作者：
Gatchalian, Kirstin M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bickel, Warren K.;Jarmolowicz, David P.;Mueller, E. Terry;Koffarnus, Mikhail N.;Gatchalian, Kirstin M.
延迟贴现将强化物的贬值描述为其收到之前的延迟的函数。尽管所有人都不重视延迟强化，但一个一致的发现是，依赖物质的个体倾向于比健康对照组更快地忽视延迟强化。此外，这些高于正常的折扣率也出现在其他行为疾病的个体中，如病态赌博、不良健康行为和暴饮暴食。这表明，高延迟折扣率可能是一个跨疾病过程（即，在一系列疾病中发生的过程，使一种疾病的发现与其他疾病相关）。在本文中，我们认为延迟折扣是一个跨疾病过程，其基础是两个相互竞争的神经行为决策系统之间的不平衡。我们的理解和治疗的含义，这一跨疾病的过程进行了讨论。
Delay discounting describes the devaluation of a reinforcer as a function of the delay until its receipt. Although all people discount delayed reinforcers, one consistent finding is that substance-dependent individuals tend to discount delayed reinforcers more rapidly than do healthy controls. Moreover, these higher-than-normal discounting rates have been observed in individuals with other behavioral maladies such as pathological gambling, poor health behavior, and overeating. This suggests that high rates of delay discounting may be a trans-disease process (i.e., a process that occurs across a range of disorders, making findings from one disorder relevant to other disorders). In this paper, we argue that delay discounting is a trans-disease process, undergirded by an imbalance between two competing neurobehavioral decision systems. Implications for our understanding of, and treatment for, this trans-disease process are discussed.
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影响因子：
3.4
作者：
Bickel, Warren K.;Landes, Reid D.;Christensen, Darren R.;Jackson, Lisa;Jones, Bryan A.;Kurth-Nelson, Zeb;Redish, A. David
通讯作者：
Redish, A. David
影响因子：
2.2
作者：
Bickel WK;Mueller ET
通讯作者：
Mueller ET
影响因子：
3.6
作者：
Bradford, W. David
通讯作者：
Bradford, W. David
DOI：
10.1523/jneurosci.5319-08.2009
发表时间：
2009-07-08
期刊：
The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience
影响因子：
--
作者：
Bickel WK;Pitcock JA;Yi R;Angtuaco EJ
通讯作者：
Angtuaco EJ
影响因子：
4.2
作者：
Allen, TJ;Moeller, FG;Cherek, DR
通讯作者：
Cherek, DR