Central respiratory chemoreception.
Central respiratory chemoreception.
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DOI：
10.1002/cne.22435
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发表时间：
2010-10-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Bayliss, Douglas A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Guyenet, Patrice G.;Stornetta, Ruth L.;Bayliss, Douglas A.
根据定义，中枢呼吸化学感受器（CRC）是对大脑PCO 2或pH值变化敏感的细胞，并有助于刺激高碳酸血症或代谢性酸中毒引起的呼吸。CO2最有可能通过降低pH值起作用。相关的质子受体尚未被鉴定，可能是离子通道。CRCs可能是神经元，但也可能包括酸敏感神经胶质细胞和血管细胞，通过旁分泌机制与神经元沟通。后斜方核（RTN）神经元是最完整的CRCs的特点。它们在体内对CO2的高敏感性可能依赖于它们固有的酸敏感性、来自颈动脉体和脑区域（如中缝和下丘脑）的兴奋性输入以及来自邻近星形胶质细胞的促进影响。RTN神经元是呼吸网络在围产期和麻醉下对CO2作出反应所必需的。在有意识的成年人中，RTN神经元对呼吸频率、吸气和呼气活动的pH依赖性调节有未知程度的贡献。RTN神经元的异常发育可能与先天性中枢性低通气综合征有关。其他CRC可能存在，但支持性证据不太完整。这些CRCs的建议的位置是延髓中缝，孤束核，延髓腹外侧，顶核和下丘脑。几个唤醒促进系统（多巴胺能和儿茶酚胺能神经元，食欲素能神经元）也是推定的CRC。它们对中枢呼吸化学感受的贡献可能是行为依赖性的或根据警戒状态而变化。
By definition central respiratory chemoreceptors (CRCs) are cells that are sensitive to changes in brain PCO2 or pH and contribute to the stimulation of breathing elicited by hypercapnia or metabolic acidosis. CO2 most likely works by lowering pH. The pertinent proton receptors have not been identified and may be ion channels. CRCs are probably neurons but may also include acid-sensitive glia and vascular cells that communicate with neurons via paracrine mechanisms. Retrotrapezoid nucleus (RTN) neurons are the most completely characterized CRCs. Their high sensitivity to CO2 in vivo presumably relies on their intrinsic acid-sensitivity, excitatory inputs from the carotid bodies and brain regions such as raphe and hypothalamus, and facilitating influences from neighboring astrocytes. RTN neurons are necessary for the respiratory network to respond to CO2 during the perinatal period and under anesthesia. In conscious adults, RTN neurons contribute to an unknown degree to the pH-dependent regulation of breathing rate, inspiratory and expiratory activity. The abnormal prenatal development of RTN neurons probably contributes to the congenital central hypoventilation syndrome. Other CRCs presumably exist but the supportive evidence is less complete. The proposed locations of these CRCs are the medullary raphe, the nucleus tractus solitarius, the ventrolateral medulla, the fastigial nucleus and the hypothalamus. Several wake-promoting systems (serotonergic and catecholaminergic neurons, orexinergic neurons) are also putative CRCs. Their contribution to central respiratory chemoreception may be behavior-dependent or vary according to the state of vigilance.
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影响因子：
3.3
作者：
BERTHONJONES, M;SULLIVAN, CE
通讯作者：
SULLIVAN, CE
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Aller, M. I.;Wisden, W.
通讯作者：
Wisden, W.
影响因子：
10.6
作者：
Aston-Jones, G;Rajkowski, J;Cohen, J
通讯作者：
Cohen, J
DOI：
10.1016/s0034-5687(01)00297-3
发表时间：
2001-12-01
期刊：
RESPIRATION PHYSIOLOGY
影响因子：
--
作者：
Ballantyne, D;Scheid, P
通讯作者：
Scheid, P
DOI：
10.1016/0034-5687(92)90137-l
发表时间：
1992-10-01
期刊：
RESPIRATION PHYSIOLOGY
影响因子：
--
作者：
CHEN, ZB;ELDRIDGE, FL;WAGNER, PG
通讯作者：
WAGNER, PG