Effects of Dietary Supplementation with Bilberry Extract on Growth Performance, Immune Function, Antioxidant Capacity, and Meat Quality of Yellow-Feathered Chickens.
Effects of Dietary Supplementation with Bilberry Extract on Growth Performance, Immune Function, Antioxidant Capacity, and Meat Quality of Yellow-Feathered Chickens.
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日粮补充越橘提取物对黄羽鸡生长性能、免疫功能、抗氧化能力和肉品质的影响
DOI：
10.3390/ani11071989
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发表时间：
2021-07-02
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Jiang S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wang Y;Ma X;Ye J;Zhang S;Chen Z;Jiang S
各种植物提取物被用作功能性营养因子，以保持动物的健康和提高动物的生产性能。本研究探讨了越桔提取物（有效成分：花色苷）对黄羽肉鸡生长性能、肉质、抗氧化状态和免疫功能的影响。结果表明，在日粮中添加越桔提取物可显著提高鸡的法氏囊相对重量和抗氧化酶活性，改善肉品质指标，但不影响鸡的生长性能。研究结果表明，越橘提取物可作为一种新型的改善黄羽肉鸡健康和肉质的添加剂。摘要本试验旨在研究越桔提取物对黄羽肉鸡生长性能、肉品质、抗氧化状态和免疫功能的影响。选用360只刚孵出的雌性岭南鸡，随机分为3个处理，每个处理6个重复，每个重复20只鸡。在基础日粮中分别添加0（对照组）、100（B100）和400（B400）mg/kg的越橘提取物，饲喂63 d。与对照组相比，（1）日粮中添加越桔提取物对1 ~ 63日龄雏鸡的生长性能没有影响。(2)在21日龄时，添加400 mg/kg越桔提取物显著提高了法氏囊的相对重量（p < 0.05）。越桔提取物能显著降低63日龄雏鸡血浆中IgY和IgM的含量（p < 0.05）。(3)21日龄雏鸡日粮中添加400 mg/kg越橘提取物显著提高血浆和空肠粘膜GSH-Px活性（p <0.05）。添加100 mg/kg越桔提取物可显著提高空肠粘膜T-SOD和肝脏GSH-Px活性（p < 0.05），降低肝脏MDA含量（p < 0.05）。63日龄时，两种浓度的越桔提取物均能显著提高血浆中T-SOD活性（p < 0.05），降低空肠中MDA含量（p < 0.05）。(4)日粮中添加越桔提取物能显著降低宰后45 min时63日龄鸡肌肉中MDA含量（B100），显著提高宰后4d时T-SOD活性（B400）（p < 0.05）。(5)在63日龄的胸肌中，添加越桔提取物（B400）的鸡的pH值和滴水损失增加，而B100处理的滴水损失减少（p < 0.05）;处理不影响肌苷酸或肌内脂肪含量。总之，日粮中添加越桔提取物的黄羽肉鸡提高了法氏囊的相对重量，并广泛增加抗氧化酶的活性，改善了肉质指标，而不影响生长性能。考虑到当前研究的结果，当在鸡中补充时，推荐100 mg/kg越橘提取物。
Simple Summary Various plant extracts are used as functional nutritional factors to keep the health and improve the performance of animals. This research investigated the effects of bilberry extract (effective ingredient: anthocyanin) on growth performance, meat quality, antioxidant status, and immune function of yellow-feathered chickens. Results showed that dietary supplementation with bilberry extract enhanced relative weight of the bursa of Fabricius and broadly increased activities of antioxidant enzymes of chickens; indices of meat quality were improved without impact on growth performance. The finding indicated that bilberry extract might be considered as a new additive to improve the health and meat quality of yellow-feathered chickens. Abstract The experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of bilberry extract on growth performance, meat quality, antioxidant status, and immune function of yellow-feathered chickens. A total of 360 female hatchling Lingnan chickens were randomly allocated to three treatments with 6 replicates of 20 chickens per replicate. Birds were fed a basal diet supplemented with 0 (the control group), 100 (B100), and 400 (B400) mg/kg of bilberry extract for 63 d. Compared with the controls, (1) dietary supplementation with bilberry extract did not affect the growth performance of chickens from 1 to 63 d. (2) At 21 d, the relative weight of the bursa of Fabricius was increased (p < 0.05) by dietary supplementation with 400 mg/kg bilberry extract. Bilberry extract decreased the concentrations of IgY and IgM in blood plasma of 63-d chickens (p < 0.05). (3) For 21-d chickens, dietary supplementation with 400 mg/kg bilberry extract increased (p < 0.05) the activity of GSH-Px in blood plasma and jejunal mucosa (p < 0.05). Supplementation with 100 mg/kg bilberry extract increased (p < 0.05) the activities of T-SOD in jejunal mucosa and GSH-Px in the liver and decreased (p < 0.05) the MDA concentration in the liver. For chickens at the age of 63 d, both levels of bilberry extract increased activity of T-SOD in blood plasma (p < 0.05) and reduced MDA concentration in the jejunum (p < 0.05). (4) Supplementation with bilberry extract in the diet decreased the MDA concentration (B100) in muscle of 63-d chickens at 45 min postmortem and increased (p < 0.05) the activity of T-SOD (B400) at 4 d postmortem. (5) In breast muscle at 63 d, birds supplemented with bilberry extract (B400) had increased pH and drip loss while drip loss was reduced in the B100 treatment (p < 0.05); treatments did not affect inosinic acid or intramuscular fat contents. In conclusion, dietary supplementation of yellow-feathered chickens with bilberry extract enhanced the relative weight of the bursa of Fabricius, and broadly increased activities of antioxidant enzymes; indices of meat quality were improved without impact on growth performance. Considering the results in the current research, 100 mg/kg bilberry extract was recommended when supplemented in chickens.
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