Early environmental exposures and intracellular Th1/Th2 cytokine profiles in 24-month-old children living in an agricultural area.
Early environmental exposures and intracellular Th1/Th2 cytokine profiles in 24-month-old children living in an agricultural area.
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DOI：
10.1289/ehp.9306
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发表时间：
2006-12
影响因子：
10.4
通讯作者：
Tager IB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Duramad P;Harley K;Lipsett M;Bradman A;Eskenazi B;Holland NT;Tager IB
居住在农业环境中的儿童可能比城市儿童暴露于更高水平的有机磷农药、内毒素和过敏原。内毒素和过敏原刺激儿童早期免疫反应的成熟，但对暴露于OP或三者结合的影响知之甚少。在这项研究中，我们调查了这些暴露和辅助性T细胞1（Th 1）和辅助性T细胞2（Th 2）细胞因子，过敏性哮喘的生物标志物之间的关系，在CHAMA-COS（萨利纳斯母亲和儿童健康评估中心），一个纵向出生队列在萨利纳斯谷，加州的主题。通过访谈者管理的问卷调查和家访确定暴露，并从医疗记录中提取临床诊断。在12月龄和24月龄时收集血液样本，并通过流式细胞术检测细胞内干扰素-γ/白细胞介素-4细胞因子表达来分析Th 1/Th 2状态。平均Th 2水平在2岁时医生诊断的哮喘儿童和喘息儿童中显著较高。在多元线性回归模型中，1个月纯母乳喂养和养宠物分别与Th 1增加35.3%（p < 0.01）和34.5%（p = 0.01）相关。母亲从事农业劳动和家中有煤气炉分别与Th 2增加25.9%（p = 0.04）和46.5%（p < 0.01）相关。24个月龄儿童的哮喘和喘息结局与儿童早期Th 2状态升高相关。我们的数据进一步表明，早期暴露于农业环境、母乳喂养、宠物和煤气炉会影响儿童Th 1/Th 2免疫反应的发展。
Children who reside in agricultural settings are potentially exposed to higher levels of organophosphate (OP) pesticides, endotoxin, and allergens than their urban counterparts. Endotoxin and allergens stimulate maturation of the immune response in early childhood, but little is known about the effect of exposures to OPs or to the three combined. In this study, we investigated the relationships between these exposures and T-helper 1 (Th1) and T-helper 2 (Th2) cytokines, biomarkers of allergic asthma, in the subjects of CHAMA-COS (Center for the Health Assessment of Mothers and Children of Salinas), a longitudinal birth cohort in Salinas Valley, California. Exposures were ascertained by interviewer-administered questionnaires and by home visits, and clinical diagnoses were abstracted from medical records. Blood samples were collected at 12 and 24 months of age and analyzed for Th1/Th2 status by flow cytometric detection of intracellular interferon-γ/interleukin-4 cytokine expression. Mean Th2 levels were significantly higher in children with doctor-diagnosed asthma and children with wheezing at 2 years of age. In a multiple linear regression model, exclusive breast-feeding at 1 month and pet ownership were associated with 35.3% (p < 0.01) and 34.5% (p = 0.01) increases in Th1, respectively. Maternal agricultural work and presence of gas stove in the home were associated with a 25.9% increase (p = 0.04) and 46.5% increase (p < 0.01) in Th2, respectively. Asthma and wheeze outcomes in children at 24 months of age are associated with elevated Th2 status in children at an early age. Our data further suggest that early exposures to an agricultural environment, breast-feeding, pets, and gas stoves affect the development of children’s Th1/Th2 immune response.
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影响因子：
10.4
作者：
Eskenazi B;Harley K;Bradman A;Weltzien E;Jewell NP;Barr DB;Furlong CE;Holland NT
通讯作者：
Holland NT
影响因子：
14.2
作者：
Jones, CA;Holloway, JA;Warner, JO
通讯作者：
Warner, JO
影响因子：
4.4
作者：
Hölscher, B;Frye, C;Heinrich, J
通讯作者：
Heinrich, J
影响因子：
10.4
作者：
Bradman A;Eskenazi B;Barr DB;Bravo R;Castorina R;Chevrier J;Kogut K;Harnly ME;McKone TE
通讯作者：
McKone TE
DOI：
10.1164/ajrccm.158.3.9701084
发表时间：
1998-09-01
影响因子：
24.7
作者：
Garrett, MH;Hooper, MA;Abramson, MJ
通讯作者：
Abramson, MJ