The phosphorylation state of an aurora-like kinase marks the length of growing flagella in Chlamydomonas.

The phosphorylation state of an aurora-like kinase marks the length of growing flagella in Chlamydomonas.
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极光样激酶的磷酸化状态标志着衣藻生长鞭毛的长度

DOI:
10.1016/j.cub.2011.02.046
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发表时间:
2011-04-12
期刊:
影响因子:
9.2
通讯作者:
Pan, Junmin
Pan, Junmin
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Luo, Minna;Cao, Muqing;Kan, Yinan;Li, Guihua;Snell, William;Pan, Junmin

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鞭毛和纤毛是结构极化的细胞器,其长度被精确定义,并且长度的改变与几种人类疾病有关。鞭毛内运输(IFT)和蛋白质信号分子参与指定鞭毛/纤毛长度,但证据一直缺乏鞭毛/纤毛长度传感器,可以参与主动长度控制或建立结构极性。以前,我们表明,在衣原体的极光样蛋白激酶CALK的磷酸化状态是一个标志的鞭毛的情况下。在这里,我们发现CALK磷酸化状态也是鞭毛长度的标志。CALK在没有鞭毛的细胞中被磷酸化,并且在鞭毛组装期间它变得去磷酸化。去磷酸化不是简单的结果鞭毛大会或实验诱导的鞭毛损失后的时间开始,但需要鞭毛大会的阈值长度。对具有不同长度鞭毛的细胞的分析表明,CALK去磷酸化的阈值长度约为6 µm(半长)。短和长鞭毛突变体的研究表明,细胞检测绝对而不是相对鞭毛长度。我们的研究结果表明,细胞具有翻译成一个已知的鞭毛调节蛋白的翻译后修饰鞭毛长度的机制。
Flagella and cilia are structurally polarized organelles whose lengths are precisely defined, and alterations in length are related to several human disorders. Intraflagellar transport (IFT) and protein signaling molecules are implicated in specifying flagellar/ciliary length, but evidence has been lacking for a flagellum/cilium length sensor that could participate in active length control or establishment of structural polarity. Previously, we showed that the phosphorylation state of the aurora-like protein kinase CALK in Chlamydomonas is a marker of the absence of flagella. Here, we show that CALK phosphorylation state also is a marker for flagellar length. CALK is phosphorylated in cells without flagella, and during flagellar assembly it becomes desphosphorylated. Dephosphorylation is not simply a consequence of initiation of flagellar assembly or of time after experimentally-induced flagellar loss, but requires flagellar assembly to a threshold length. Analysis of cells with flagella of varying lengths shows that the threshold length for CALK dephosphorylation is ~6 µm (half-length). Studies with short and long flagellar mutants indicate that cells detect absolute rather than relative flagellar length. Our results demonstrate that cells possess a mechanism for translating flagellar length into a posttranslational modification of a known flagellar regulatory protein.
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