COMT val158met moderation of dopaminergic drug effects on cognitive function: a critical review.

COMT val158met moderation of dopaminergic drug effects on cognitive function: a critical review.
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DOI:
10.1038/tpj.2016.43
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发表时间:
2016-10
期刊:
The pharmacogenomics journal
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Schacht JP
Schacht JP
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Schacht JP

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前额叶皮层(PFC)中的多巴胺(DA)张力与PFC依赖性认知功能(例如,工作记忆、选择性注意力、执行功能)可以通过倒U形功能来描述,其中过高和过低的DA都与损伤相关。在PFC中,COMT val 158 met单核苷酸多态性(rs 4680)赋予儿茶酚-O-甲基转移酶(COMT)的疗效和DA音的差异,和个人纯合子的瓦尔等位基因显示显着降低皮质DA。许多研究已经调查val 158 met基因型是否缓和多巴胺能药物对PFC依赖的认知功能的影响。对25项此类研究的回顾表明,兴奋剂和COMT抑制剂的这种药物遗传学效应的证据是混合的,它们对D1受体有更大的影响,而抗精神病药的这种效应则很强,对D2受体有更大的影响。总的来说,COMT val 158 met基因型代表了一个诱人的目标,用于识别更有可能对多巴胺能药物产生积极反应的个体。
The relationship between dopamine (DA) tone in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and PFC-dependent cognitive functions (e.g., working memory, selective attention, executive function) may be described by an inverted-U-shaped function, in which both excessively high and low DA is associated with impairment. In the PFC, the COMT val158met single nucleotide polymorphism (rs4680) confers differences in catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) efficacy and DA tone, and individuals homozygous for the val allele display significantly reduced cortical DA. Many studies have investigated whether val158met genotype moderates the effects of dopaminergic drugs on PFC-dependent cognitive functions. A review of 25 such studies suggests evidence for this pharmacogenetic effect is mixed for stimulants and COMT inhibitors, which have greater effects on D1 receptors, and strong for antipsychotics, which have greater effects on D2 receptors. Overall, COMT val158met genotype represents an enticing target for identifying individuals who are more likely to respond positively to dopaminergic drugs.
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